Components of the United States Criminal Justice System (Essay Sample)

Name
Institutional Affiliation
Criminal Justice of US
In the United States of America, human rights are overseen and protected by different governmental and non-governmental departments. One of these departments is the criminal justice system, which involves the interconnection of government and private agencies, which deals with both accused and convicted criminals. This department consists of highly professional individuals who mainly have to go under government training. The professionals must adhere to work ethics and completely submit themselves to the task. Members of this department are required to be corrupt-free, honest, and competent when doing their work, to be successful in this, those members who are found guilty of breaking any law when in line of duty are held accountable to their action. This paper will look at different components of the United States justice system and how they relate to each other.
Components of the United States Criminal Justice System
The criminal justice system is made up of more than one component which is joined together. These components include the academia, the department of law enforcement, the forensic services, the corrections, and the judiciary. Beginning with, we have academia as a component of the US criminal justice system, which involves learned personnel's in the field of research. In this level, criminal justice personnel has to undergo some studies in a government college or a certified college. These studies are offered at both undergraduate and graduate levels, where courses and a set of structured activities relating to criminal justice are offered. Since criminal justice is a full scope, people taking these courses are supposed to specify in one discipline.
Secondly, we have law enforcement as another component of the criminal justice system. This department consist of different governmental polices subdivision. This police subdivision includes Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, The State Police of Highway Patrol Unit, County Sheriff's departments, and finally, the City Police Department. Law enforcement's primary work is to conduct investigations of any supposed criminal activity to be true without proof. Also, the transfer of results from thee investigations to the federal prosecutors is another work of law enforcement departments. It is at this department where convicted criminals are put into custody as they await trials. Also, personnel working in this department are responsible for preventing criminal activity from happening, and also they protect and carry out the court order. Law enforcement department is also responsible for responding to any emergencies ant any other expression of intent to injure to public safety; they keep safe some of the public facilities, e.g., the banks, stadiums, hospital, churches and much other and protection of those people operating in high government offices, for example, the president, governors, and others. Government officials.
The next component of the criminal justice system is the forensic services, the department by which the use of science and technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law. In this department, forensic Evidence and the application of science and technology have helped in a big way in criminal investigations. There are several roles played by the forensic department, which includes, it demonstrates that crime has been done whereby it's a firm major essential part of a crime. Also, it locates the suspect been in close association with the victim or where the offense has been conducted. Next, it gives out the identification of the individuals involved with crime. Also, it relieves the innocent people convicted of a crime. The other role played by the forensic system is the confirmation of the victim's statements. Lastly, it helps in confirming the actions that happened. In forensic, there is a national database, which helps them give out personal information. Also, the use of DNA, known as the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), uses Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS), which are computerized, helping them to be able to identify fingerprints in a crime scene. There are types of forensic Evidence that includes the Biological Evidence, whereby the blood and saliva are of main use. The next other forensic evidence type is the Weapons evidence where it comprises firearms (handguns, long firearm, a violent onset weapon, and so many different weapons), the articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, and rockets and so many others. Other Forensic Evidence includes Drug Evidence, Impressions, trace, Natural Materials, Generic Objects, Printed Data, and other items. The forensic system has dramatically helped in criminal justice, and it has been very successful in investigations.
The other component of the criminal justice system is the judiciary, headed by the chief justice. Judges, magistrate's clerks, and other officials work in the judiciary have the jurisdiction to operate in courts and dispositions of cases. In the courts, they follow the constitutionally accepted range of criminal proceedings, and due process is adhered to. All the criminal prosecutions, the accused person has the right to go through a speed public trials in the US there different kind of courts which includes the supreme court which is the highest court, followed by the court of appeals, Bankruptcy Appellate Panels, The District Courts. And lastly, we have the Article 1 Courts. Judiciary is one of the government's arms that implements laws made by congress, and it also solves the disputes among the other divisions.
Lastly, we have the correction as a component of the criminal justice system, which deals with the persons who have been found guilty of a crime. Its primary function is to make sure that the lawbreaker's sentence has been carried out, by it in the jail or prison, probation, or the community service. There are mainly four goals of correction, which include the punishment inflicted in the spirit of moral outrage, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitating. However, these components are under the same criminal justice systems their work differently to give the same results at the end. Each part works on its own, whereby every department has its own duties and responsibility.
Communication Skills Used by Professionals in the Criminal Justice System
In the criminal justice system, their different kind of professionals includes attorneys, law enforcement officials, psychologists, and judges who depend on over ten thousand forms of communication. The type of connection used depends on the role of the specific system, job, and other similar factors. To begin with, important communication skill is Narratives and Reports. This is the daily writing of many police officer, whereby this writing include the daily reports containing their conversation with both the arrested suspect and those who are not captured. These reports give information about how and why a police officer arrested the person. Also, this report indicates the time when this arrest was conducted. This report is used as a begging of the investigation journey. The next communication skill is legal Pleadings and Citations. The legal pleading is officials written materials which are put forward for approval by the court. Legal citations include the tickets written by police officers over a convicted person. Those documents will be used during the hearing in the courts. The other communication skills are Judicial Orders. This is a document which is written by a judge which gives out the decision made over a certain case. These orders contain the judge's decision, and also it may indicate the necessary action of a claim. The other communication skills are the Studies and Research. Criminal justice workers are required to go through formal studies in order for them to acquire different information relating to criminology. These studies include the sentencing, the causes of criminal behavior, and the right protocol to be observed by the police, the study of criminal populations, and how they change. These studies are purely formal and academic, supervised by people who have experience over the criminal justice field. Lastly, we have the Informal Communications as a communication skill. This is the use of information that is not in accord with the usual regulations.
Juvenile Justice System
The juvenile justice system is a result of adding several decisions. These actions are taken by the police courts and other criminal service agencies as their answer to a juvenile's event. In the juvenile justice system, we have an organ which is called The School-to-Prison Pipeline. These are principles that are set to help the youths from risks, and this is from the classroom to the juvenile justice system without going through the harsh imposition of disciplinary actions. Also, in the juvenile justice system, we have another group of people who are referred to as The Resource Officer, he/she is a person who is distinguished for his/her educational work, a professional who counsels people, a wise and trusted teacher and law enforcement officer. In this course, we have juvenile rights, which include The right to have a phone call, the right to not be realized with bail, the right to have an attorney, the right to be informed of the charges he/she will face—the right to ask questions the witness and so many others. Finally, in juvenile cases, we have Status Offenses, which are the acts that would not be taken as a crime if they were done to be an adult. These status offenses include refusing to go to schools, the use of tobacco, running away, and so many others.
After the arrest, juveniles are take...