Cultural Relativeness (Essay Sample)

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Summary of cultural relativeness
Cultural relativism is a theory that is use to explain the differences among ethics, cultures and morals. This theory describe the ethical, moral and societal differences that different cultures experiences. James Rachel postulates that diverse cultures have different morals codes. He further indicated that all culture in one way or the other may have some values in common. In this aspect, he suggested that there is some fundamental morals codes that every culture possess that are similar to the other. He further takes into account that morals and other characteristics are universal across all cultures which might not be the case.
In his book, Element of Moral Philosophy, Rachel argues that cultural relativism does not provide substantial explanation relating to differences among cultures. In that case, he provides relevant examples to support his argument. One such situation is about how dead should be disposed of: the Callatians practice on cannibalization while Greeks favors cremation. In another circumstance, he addresses the practice of infanticide especially by Eskimos. In this situation, Rachel argues that since Eskimos are nomadic tribe, Eskimo mother kill their female babies after birth and males while hunting or from the cold without regretting about the action. This alternative undertaken by Eskimos to ease their transport represent a business ethical.
Using these examples, James Rachel proposed two general argument that the definition of cultural relativism is based on philosophy that different cultures have different codes. In essence, the delineation symbolizes the absent of objective truth in morality. For these reasons, he viewed rights and wrong as the only matters of opinion. In his statement, he further goes and say that this arguments are not comprehensive.
From his examples and arguments, James Rachel concluded that there could not be a proper procedure for disposing of the dead as well as the right moral action with regard to babies’ killings. He therefore, points out that moral ethics are not universal but rather a matter of opinion that varies from culture to culture.
Is it fair for voters to be required to present a valid ID in order to vote in a national election?
Yes, this is because Voter’s ID gives every individual or citizen the identity proof to participate in a national election. However, in some circumstances, the most significant aspect of voting is to be a registered voter. Being in the list of registered voters ensures citizen the right to vote. In this light, a citizen not among the registered voters will not take part in the process. On the other hand, those without ID will not be allowed to vote.
The Voters’ ID also provide the necessary information to the voters. It contains the voter’s name, place of vote among others. In that case, a valid ID ensures that voters votes for individuals of their choice without necessarily attempting to multiple voting or otherwise committing electoral fraud.
In most situation, Voters’ IDs are very significant as far as the security of a particular nation is concern. This is because multiple voting may arose to violence which might disrupt the whole process. In this regard, the alternative of presenting a valid ID in a national election is ethical as it minimizes the rate of violence eruption.
In addition, voter’s ID facilitates voting in places where a voter may not be known personally. In this instance, without voter ID an individual may not be able to vote or known a poll where he or she is assign to vote. Also, voting is a national process as well as the democratic right for all citizen of a particular country. In this light, possession of voters ID symbolizes democracy of a particular nation.
As such, to attain a free and fair election, voters are required to present their voters’ IDs. This is because voting randomly or without ID jeopardize the systematic process of election. From the above reasons, it’s fair and equally prudent for voter to have a valid ID.
Case study: Global Profits, Baker/ Hartman/ Shaw p.565.
From the point of business ethics, the function of every firms is to increase profit. In this case, achieving high profit is influen...