Demographic Transition Theory (Essay Sample)

The Demographic Transition Theory
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A demographic transition theory assumes fertility levels will stabilize at replacement level. Thisassumption is valid and reasonable in the twenty-first century. Demography is the composition of the human population taking into account their characteristics such age, sex distribution and their economic activities (Weeks 1). It is needful to study the consequences of the transition theory to understand its effect on the future of the world population. There are low fertility rates in many countries and the reasons for these declines are likely to shoot even further. Current modernization is the force behind this decline. The economic crisis in many countries and the cost of bearing children carries an impact on infertility. Many families avoid a larger family because of the fear to provide adequately for them. The moment a child is born, its economic implications are not felt immediately but after some time. The needs of the child keep growing; feeding them, clothing them, taking them to school and even the task of the government to create job opportunities. Also, the change of work systems and the family responsibilities on women have a direct impact on the fertility rates (Philip 12). The current wife has a stable job that gives her few work-off days. This limits their participation in the family issues hence their preference to sire few children. Many families have the desire to have at least two children, but many cases of woman have desire to have children.The first and second order births seem taking over in the recent past as opposed to higher order births. The high cost of caring for children has prompted many families to have few children (Philip 12). Although, there are advantages of having no child; a large proportion of women isready to have two children. This is attributed to the importance of children. The first births are motivated to have somebody to carry on family lineage and also to bring forth love and bind the mother and father. Also, the first birth is necessary as it gives the parents their offspring that they may love and care for them. The economic independence and the stabilization of health services have also led to stabilization of fertility levels at the replacement level. The early centuries saw parents having security in higher order births because there were poor health services, but the current time with advanced services there is assurance of the growth to maturity of the few children born.The change in ideology of sex composition in the family has also seen a drastic stabilization of birth rate at the replacement level. Another reason for the change in fertility rates is the shift of ideology that parents have had in the 21st century to focus on a few children. ...