An Overview of the Impact Studies on Composite Structures (Research Paper Sample)

An overview of the impact studies on composite structures: Theory, experiment, application and analysis. Concentrate on Carbon fibre reinforced polymers and glass fibre reinforce polymers
Table of Contents
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1.0 Abstract  PAGEREF _Toc434428863 \h
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2.0 Glossary of Items  PAGEREF _Toc434428864 \h
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2.1.1 Fibre Reinforced Polymer/ Fibre reinforced plastic. (FRP)  PAGEREF _Toc434428865 \h
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2.1.2 Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer/Plastic (CRFP  PAGEREF _Toc434428866 \h
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2.1.3 Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic/ Polymer (GFRP)  PAGEREF _Toc434428867 \h
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2.1.4 Izod and Charpy Test  PAGEREF _Toc434428868 \h
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2.1.5 Drop weight Test  PAGEREF _Toc434428869 \h
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3.0 Introduction  PAGEREF _Toc434428870 \h
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3.1 Background  PAGEREF _Toc434428871 \h
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3.2 Problem Statement  PAGEREF _Toc434428872 \h
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3.3 Justification  PAGEREF _Toc434428873 \h
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3.4 Objectives  PAGEREF _Toc434428874 \h
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3.5 Methodology  PAGEREF _Toc434428875 \h
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3.6 Implications of This Study  PAGEREF _Toc434428876 \h
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3.7 Scope  PAGEREF _Toc434428877 \h
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3.8 Delimitations  PAGEREF _Toc434428878 \h
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4.0 Literature Review  PAGEREF _Toc434428879 \h
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4.1 Theory  PAGEREF _Toc434428880 \h
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4.1.1 Initial Impact tests on Polymeric Composites  PAGEREF _Toc434428881 \h
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4.1.2 First Generation of Composites: (Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers)  PAGEREF _Toc434428882 \h
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4.1.3 Development of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428883 \h
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4.2 Experiments  PAGEREF _Toc434428884 \h
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4.2.1 High and Low Velocity Impact on Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428885 \h
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4.2.3 Effect of Electrical loads on Impact Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428886 \h
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4.2.4 Impact and Delamination Failure of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites  PAGEREF _Toc434428887 \h
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4.2.5 Impact Damage Behavior of Woven Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite  PAGEREF _Toc434428888 \h
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4.2.6 Impact and Blast Loading of Glass-Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites  PAGEREF _Toc434428889 \h
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4.2.7 Impact Tests on Hybrid Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428890 \h
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4.2.8 Impact of Fiber Reinforced Polymers under Different Temperatures  PAGEREF _Toc434428891 \h
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4.2.9 Effect of Moisture Absorption on the Impact Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428892 \h
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5 Results and Discussion  PAGEREF _Toc434428893 \h
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5.2 Results and Discussion on the general behavior of fiber reinforced polymers under high and low velocity impacts.  PAGEREF _Toc434428894 \h
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5.2.3 Factors that Affect Impact Behavior at Low Velocities  PAGEREF _Toc434428895 \h
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5.2.4 Repeated Low Velocity Impacts  PAGEREF _Toc434428896 \h
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Fig 5.1.2 Results on Repeated Low Velocity Impact (Rajkumar G.R et al, 2012)  PAGEREF _Toc434428897 \h
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5.2.5 Results on the Effect of Thickness of Specimen on Impact Behavior of Composites  PAGEREF _Toc434428898 \h
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5.3 Results and Discussion on the Effect of Temperature and Moisture on Impact Behavior  PAGEREF _Toc434428899 \h
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5.3.3 Results on the Impact of Temperature Changes  PAGEREF _Toc434428900 \h
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Fig 5.2 (a) Impact Behavior of Glass Reinforced Polymer at Different Temperatures (Tsang, F [39]  PAGEREF _Toc434428901 \h
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Fig 5.2 (b) Effect of declining temperatures and exposure time on maximum fracture energy (Mahmood, S [52])  PAGEREF _Toc434428902 \h
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5.3.4 Results on the Effect of Moisture  PAGEREF _Toc434428903 \h
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5.4 Results and Discussion on the effect of increasing impact Energy on the impact behavior of fiber reinforced polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428904 \h
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Fig 5.3 (a) Impact Force against time for different Impact Energies GFRP (Arturas Kersys [53]  PAGEREF _Toc434428905 \h
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Fig 5.3 (b) Impact Force against time for different Impact Energies GFRP (Arturas Kersys [53])  PAGEREF _Toc434428906 \h
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5.5 Results on Tested Ways of Improving Impact Behavior of Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428907 \h
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5.5.3 Test Results on Lamination Using Aluminum  PAGEREF _Toc434428908 \h
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Fig 5.4.1 (a) Results for Various Impact Tests at 20J (Mohamed, [55]  PAGEREF _Toc434428909 \h
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Fig 5.4.1 (b) Results For Damaged Faces for Various Specimens at 7.5J, 10J, 20 J (Mohamed, E, [55]  PAGEREF _Toc434428910 \h
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5.5.4 Results on impact behavior of Hybridized Glass Fiber Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428911 \h
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Table 5.4.2 Results on Impacts behavior of Hybridized Fiber Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428912 \h
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5.6 Results on Failure Modes of Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428913 \h
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5.6.3 Low Velocity Impact Failure Modes  PAGEREF _Toc434428914 \h
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5.6.4 High Velocity Failure Modes  PAGEREF _Toc434428915 \h
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5.7 Results on The effect of Orientation angle on Impact Behavior of Composites  PAGEREF _Toc434428916 \h
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6 Further Development  PAGEREF _Toc434428917 \h
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6.1 Flammability on Impact  PAGEREF _Toc434428918 \h
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6.2 Impact Behavior under High and Low Pressures  PAGEREF _Toc434428919 \h
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6.3 Effect of Impurities on the Impact Behavior of Fiber reinforced polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428920 \h
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6.4 Repair of Impact Damaged fiber reinforced polymers  PAGEREF _Toc434428921 \h
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7 Conclusion  PAGEREF _Toc434428922 \h
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8 References  PAGEREF _Toc434428923 \h
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Abstract
The Construction sector has undergone numerous revolutionary changes due to various advancements in design technology. One of the remarkable changes has been the evolution of composite materials. There is no doubt that the use of composite materials has introduced unparalleled possibilities in design and construction. Composite materials come with unique strengths to weight ratios owing to the fact that they are designed using a combination of two or more materials. An overview of the impact studies on composite structures is a study that focuses on the behavior of composites at different conditions when exposed to impact. It focuses on various types of impacts such as low velocity and blast impacts. The study also looks into the numerous experiments that have been conducted to explore the impact behavior of composites. This study also identifies areas that have not been studied. The study pays special attention to glass fibre reinforced polymers and carbon fibre reinforced polymers.
Glossary of Items
Fibre Reinforced Polymer/ Fibre reinforced plastic. (FRP)
This refers to a composite material that is made by combining a polymer with a fibre. Fibres in this case may be carbon, aramid and glass. In some instances asbestos, paper and wood are also used for reinforcement [1]. The emerging composite finds its applications in the construction, sporting, transport, mining, and aviation industries.
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer/Plastic (CRFP)
This refers to a composite material made from the reinforcement of a polymer/plastic with carbon fibre, [1]. They find applications in the automobile and aerospace industries.
Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic/ Polymer (GFRP)
This refers to a composite emanating from the strengthening of a polymer with glass fibre [14]. This composite finds its applications in automobile industry, gliding, boat construction, and pipeline industries among others.
Izod and Charpy Test
This is a method used to test the impact behavior of materials. This method involves placing the material to be tested in a test machine. The specimen is held in the machine and then struck with a pendulum....