The Neanderthal Man: Discovery, DNA Information, Hunting, Living in Shelters, Making & Wearing Clothes (Research Paper Sample)

NEANDERTHAL MAN
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Introduction
Living anywhere from 400,000 to 40,000 years ago, Neanderthals are the closest extinct living relative to us. With the first Neanderthal remains being found in Europe in 1829, it has since been learned that Neanderthals hunted, lived in shelters, and made and wore clothing. However, there exists a civil debate on whether the Neanderthal man was a unique type of the Homo erectus class Hommoneaderthalensis or rather, they were the subspecies of Homo sapiens. This paper seeks to the elements surrounding the Neanderthal man from the time of discovery.
Discovery
Neanderthal skulls were initially found in the Engis Caves in the year 1829. Engis is currently called Belgium. The archeologist who discovered the skull is known as Philippe-Charles Schmerling (Howell, 1951). Other remnants of the Neanderthal man were discovered in Forbes' Quarry, Gibraltar in the year 1848. Twenty seven years later, in the year 1856, a group of quarrymen found remainders of a skeleton in the Neander Valley close Dusseldorf, Germany, consequently their name. They discovered 16 bits of bone, including a skull, in a limestone hole. Thinking the bones had a place with a bear, the quarrymen offered them to neighborhood instructor, Johan Karl Fuhlrott (Lieberman, & Crelin, 1971). From him, the bones discovered their approach to researchers, and it was in the end confirmed that they were antiquated human relatives. The distribution and advancement of Charles Darwin's "The Origin of the Species" in 1859 educated the disclosure. Since that day in the Neander Valley, more than 400 Neanderthal bones have been found (Howell, 1951).
DNA Information,
Early examinations focused on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which, inferable from entirely matrilineal legacy and consequent helplessness to hereditary float, is of constrained worth in assessing the likelihood of interbreeding of Neanderthals with Cro-Magnon individuals.
In 1997, geneticists could remove a short arrangement of DNA from Neanderthal bones.[107] The extraction of mtDNA from a second example was accounted for in 2000, and hinted at no advanced human plunge from Neanderthals
A first account of the genetically make up of the Neanderthal man revealed much about the similarities between the Neanderthal man and the human beings. The initial look into the epigenetic of the Neanderthal was acquired with the production of the full DNA methylation of the Neanderthal. The recreated DNA methylation map made it quite possible for the specialists to survey quality movement levels all through the Neanderthal genome and contrast them with advanced people. Nevertheless, one of the real discoveries put much emphasis on the appendage morphology of Neanderthals. However, the research on the genetics of Neanderthal man reveal much about the adjustments in the movement levels of the HOX group of qualities were behind a considerable lot of the morphological contrasts in the middle of Neanderthals and current people, including shorter appendages, bended bones and the sky is the limit from there.
Further research reals that almost 2.5 % of the genetic make of an African is made up of Neanderthal genes. This study caused some commotions but it was finally justified by a group of researchers who confirmed the authenticity of the research. However, some researchers of the Neanderthal genome found out that a modern African has no Neanderthal DNA. Some interbreeding occurred between the Neanderthal man and the human race. The researchers reveal that the Neanderthal chromosome Y could have sometimes found itself into our generation but, they posit that the chromosome might have led to a pregnancy that was miscarried.
Co-inhabited with Humans at One Time,
The Neanderthal co-inhabited the worlds with the human beings in Europe commencing from roughly 45,000 years ago and sometimes earlier. However, it’s believed that the Neanderthal lived on the planet alone prior to the emergence of the human beings (Howell, 1951). Some scientists suggest that the Homo sapiens might have introduced some dangerous diseases that led to extinction of the Neanderthal man from the earth’s surface. Further research indicates that the co-existence between the early man and Neanderthal resulted into the interbreeding between them.
Living like Humans,
Like human beings, the Neanderthal man organized them to live into nuclear families. The discoveries in some caves depict some elderly and deformed remnants of the Neanderthal man suggest that these primates took good care of their fellows at times of sickness and old age. The Neanderthals lived for roughly thirty years. They could bury the dead just like the human beings.
Hunting,
Formerly, it was documented that Neanderthal man did not have the most appropriate hunting skills ad tools. Some claims were made that they could look for carcasses and scavenge for meat. However, research and excavation now reveal that Neanderthal were apex predators. They hunted down, animals for meat. They preyed on red deer, reindeer, ibex as well as wild bear and other larger animals. Some other animals that Neanderthal was able to pin down were elephants, rhinos and mammoth. However, their hunting skills were not very appropriate and more often, they depended on vegetables. Again, they lived in more sparsely distributed settings unlike their counterparts, Homo sapiens.
Living in Shelters,
Evidences suggest that the Neanderthal lived in caves. The Neanderthal lived all the way through an everywhere divergent climate and habitat. The Neanderthals bespoke quickly to new setting as they migrated. Some of the Neanderthals took shelter in the caves (Howell, 1951). . However, some of the Neanderthals built shelters using of branches as well as the animal skins. Another category of the Neanderthals group dug pits and roofed those using branches, animal skins as well as the leaves. There are no clear records to show the particular clothes that the Neanderthal man was making.
Language
Research indicates that the Neanderthal man did have some form of speech. Some researchers argue that that the formation of the skill, and its shape could support speech(Howell, 1951). Some also suggest that the unity and order in which the Neanderthal man used to live with one another was could only be supported by communication, though no proper conclusion has been drawn as far as the communication of Neanderthal man is concerned.
Tool making,
The Neanderthals used stone tools. Some of the tools were similar to the very ones used by the earlier tools whereas, others were somehow sophisticated. Some of the tools they made and used were blades, scrapers, as well as stone flakes.
However...