Improvements in Car Design and Manufacturing Process: Environmental Aspects, Technical Aspects (Research Paper Sample)

Improvements in car design and manufacturing process
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Improvements in car design and manufacturing process
Aerodynamic drag causes a 35-40% of a vehicle’s fuel utilization. Lowering aerodynamic drag along these lines offers an exceptionally encouraging approach to lessen fuel utilization. Personal cars in most cases have much lower streamlined drag coefficient, Cd, somewhere around 0.25 and 0.42 (Soica, 2016). Streamlined drag possesses the greatest effect on efficiency at high speeds. We as designers and engineers working for Seam labs, were offered assignment to enhance auto configuration of a customer’s car in California by improving its aerodynamic qualities to make it more eco-friendly. The principle worries of car streamlined features were ecological based, i.e. it was aimed to decrease noise level as well as its emission and technical aspects which include counteracting undesired lift forces and different reasons for aerodynamic unsteadiness during fast speeds. Consequently there is an immediate connection between lowering streamlined drag, efficiency and reduction in emissions.
𝐹𝑑 =12 𝐶𝑑𝜌𝐴𝑓𝑣2
𝐹𝑑: Drag force, N
𝜌: Fluid thickness, kg/m³
𝐶𝑑: Drag coefficient
𝛢𝑓: Frontal territory, m²
𝑉 𝑟: Relative speed, m/s
After keen analysis of the clients car we came up with several solutions to the problem
Aerodynamic suspensions
Though they seem basic they will play a huge role in amplifying frontal wind current effectiveness to funnel smooth wind stream to the back of the vehicle. Aerodynamic suspension builds up power levels for the entire aerodynamic bundle. On the off chance that we have an airflow partition at the front of the auto, this could without much of a stretch lessen the entire aerodynamic bundle, or possibly invalidate a portion of the down force potential to generate power. Aerofoil formed front wishbone and directing arms understand this by holding laminar wind stream in line, while not allowing any flow partition, as this will likewise prompt expanded drag levels
We intend to make these suspensions either out of titanium or carbon fiber due to their lighter and high quality properties. The slight increase in mass is totally incomparable to the performance improvements which will be achieved as a result of improved aerodynamic efficiency.
Guide vanes and Barge boards
Either vertical or level plates should be installed on the front suspension or simply behind it. Fundamentally, just like how the front wing end-plate works, the point is to try smoothing out and channel this turbulent wind stream to the back of the streamlined vehicle. By ensuring the front wings are intact, there will be less wind stream partition that causes drag which thusly affects overall aerodynamic efficiency as well affecting the rear vehicle capacity to make more downward force. Through this the vehicle will greatly reduce wind noises as a result of turbulent air streams.
Drag reduction system
The DRS or back portable wing as some may know plays an important role in balancing for better aerodynamic balancing especially in straight line. It will be electrically controlled by means of FIA in the ECU system (Giannakoglou, 2015). Basically it consists of a lever which controls one of the flaps at the rear wing; it will be useful on straight lines especially.
If you vary the size of the rear wing, as you increase angle of the rear wing, more down force is produced. On the other hand, decreasing its size decreases down force as well as the drag levels, hence high fuel consumption
Back spoilers
Rear wing has an aerofoil shape whereas back spoilers are typically straight and battles the awful stream of air at the back of the vehicle. Cars lacking back spoilers have a huge tendency of prompting turbulence hence creating a low pressure zone which increases drag effect and imbalance levels through the Bernoulli Effect (Wang, 2014).
Air-dam and Front splitter
The front splitter will be connected to the base of the air-dam, which thus is mounted to the base of the front guard or what is commonly known as Front bumper. It plays a vital role to build the measure of down force on the car’s front. An Air-Dam diminishes wind stream from passing under the front of the car. When both are used together, wind stream is brought to halt over the front splitter due to creation of a high pressure zone. Wind stream under the front splitter, diverts from this point of stagnation and quickens air under the front of the car, which thusly cause a low pressure zone. Zone of high pressure over the splitter and air-dam, and low pressure zone below the splitter brings forth a down force by methods for Bernoulli's impact. Front splitter and air dam mix is ordinarily added to help in combatting drag force and noise levels and are to be produced from distinctive materials, including fiber glass, carbon fiber and plastics.
Wing end plates
They expand the viability of the aerodynamic parts at the rear end of the car. Ensuring wind current is ducted to the back wing and does not overflow the sides, while lessening drag. Back wing end-plates viably make the wing range work, as though the range was a great deal greater while holding a more conservative outline.
For higher efficiency on the front wing and improvement of its execution level, the end-plates stop air overflowing the part and control wind stream. Arranged along the edge of the wings, these gadgets channel the air at the front of the vehicle and boost the wings viability. The rearward wind current happening from the car is smoothed out and improves productivity of other aerodynamic gadgets.
Diffuser
A diffuser can also be fitted under the vehicle. The diffuser has a great deal of functions; it goes about as a method for accelerating wind stream entering the gadget and afterward backing off wind current. This is by method is known as the venturi impact. In doing so, it likewise needs to ensure that stream division does not happen, bringing about turbulent wind current hence a lot of drag. This will be accomplished by having a continuous inclination and volumetric increment along the body of the diffuser.
Wind stream entering the diffuser has to extend to fill the void, this powers more air to enter the mouth creating a zone of low pressure as well as a down force with a vacuum impact. Down force is at its most astounding crest at the mouth of the diffuser passageway and pressure increases as you go towards the rear of the vehicle.
Wind stream leaving the diffuser needs to coordinate with the high pressure of air outside. Leveling out turbulent streams of air leaving the back of the car and coordinating the outside high weight air while minimizing drag is highly essential so as not only to keep device as efficient as possible but also ensuring drag force or drag ratio is positiv...