Discuss Different Personality Disorders: Borderline Personality Disorder, Avoidant personality disorder, Dependent personality disorder, Avoidant personality disorder (Research Paper Sample)

Analysis of Different Disorders
Name
InstitutionSummary of the disorders
Attention-Deficit hyperactivity Disorder
According to London (2004), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is characterized by poor concentration, feelings of failure, and forgetfulness among patients. The disorder starts early in one’s life and continues to adulthood. It is a disorder which makes individuals disorganized, and as a result, inflicts low self esteem and frustrations. It is common among young children and the elderly. In addition, patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are fond of constantly repeating the same mistakes of forgetting and procrastinating over and over, thus getting trapped in a cycle of frustrations.
Borderline Personality Disorder
This a disease which is more or less the same as schizophrenic psychosis, but is not so intense, and it is why it is called borderline personality disorder. The disease involves specific mental arrangement which make patients negative and judgemental about situations, and which makes it difficult to treat. It is a multidimensional disease characterized by biological predisposition with various environmental stresses. It is also characterized by anger, emotional deregulation; hostility, impulsivity, self mutilating behaviour, and dissociation. Patients with borderline personality disorder are often known to commit suicide whenever they are confronted by a difficult situation.
Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder
The patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder have endless concentration with detail, critical examination of his or her behaviour as well as that of others, and a desire to have strict control of his or her environment. This condition makes people want to regulate the behaviour of others, and where such a desire is not met, frustration, anxiety and anger sets in. It is a behavioural disorder caused by biologic predispositions and reinforced by social pressures.
Avoidant personality disorder
This disorder emanates from childhood problems such as constant criticism by parents of children over their inabilities. Persons with such disorder avoid participating in social events or any activity where there are many audiences. The patients with the disorder doubt their ability, and are fond of low self esteem whenever they are performing any activity. If the disorder is not treated at early stages; it becomes difficult to treat it at adult stages.
Dependent personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder is a social disease caused by over indulgence by parents on children’s daily endeavours. It involves the unending dependence on others for direction even in the obvious activities. Patients with the condition are not aware of their abilities, and always feel incompetent to make decisions on their own. It starts at childhood and progresses to adulthood with dire consequences such as the inability to function properly without the go ahead of others.
Theory perspectives (psychodynamic, learning, family, biological, and socio-cultural)
Regarding the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, London (2004) puts forth interesting perspective on how it starts, and how it progresses. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder affects both children and adults. The disorder is not genetically transferred, but rather a social disease. It develops from childhood, and progresses to adulthood if proper treatment is not administered. The disorder has the potential of distracting the patient as well making him or her forgetful, and fond of procrastinations.
The disease before 1980s was not known by the medical fraternity, but courtesy of Baltimore et al. (1980), the disease was realized. It had earlier on been confused with minimal brain dysfunction, and which had hindered the process of treating.
Borderline personality disorder
This is a disease brought about by a combination of biological predisposition and environmental stresses. In the 80s, the disease gave psychiatrist and psychotherapist problems of diagnosis. This is because it was hard to distinguish borderline personality disorder from other closely related disorders. The dilemma was sorted only after the renaming was done that borderline disorder was more confusing, and hence the name affective deregulation disorder was invented.
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
This is a blend of biological predispositions and social dynamics. The disorder is characterized by the patient’s fondness of being perfect, and minding too much about the business of others. By biological is meant, it emanates from the inborn character of a person, and it is made perfect by the social environment one grows up in.
Avoidant personality disorder
This disorder emanates from the social distress that one undergoes when he or she is young. It follows one to adulthood and manifest in different ways. It makes patients doubt their abilities, and, as a result, avoid participating in many social activities.
Dependent personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder is a behavioural based disorder caused by overindulgence in ones life. Often, it results from parents controlling or directing every aspect of their children’s lives. This makes children feel incompetent about themselves, and their abilities. It can be treated through talk therapy and reassurance of one’s’ abilities.
Treatment approaches used for these disorders
Attention Deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is evidently a socially driven disorder which only social remedies can solve. According to London (2004), the use of medication to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is inappropriate. As he explains, learning and restructuring are the only effective methods of assisting patients with this condition. Consistent learning and restructuring aimed at improving the cognitive abilities of patients fond of forgetfulness and procrastination helps.
London in the process of administering treatment to patients with attention deficit hyperactivity maintains that, in as much as medical approaches are application, talk therapy is more application. He maintains that, the disorder is not caused by pathogens such as bacteria, and thus, talk therapy is effective. Clearly, London is inclined to the use of talk therapy as the best treatment for ADHD (London, 2010). This is probably because he is a psychiatrist, and all his approaches tend to incline to a psychiatric perspective.
Borderline personality disorder
In administering treatment to patients with borderline personality disorder, London insists on a behaviour based approach. Accordingly, borderline personality disorder results from socio-cultural dynamics in the environment one grows in. As such, borderline personality disorder has to do with among other things, anger, confusion, and frustrations. More importantly, patients with borderline personality disorder struggle to align their attitudes with expectations (London, 2007).
London, then insist that a psychiatric approach is more effective in fixing this condition because the problems...