Databases and Artificial Intelligence Research Paper (Research Paper Sample)

Databases and Artificial Intelligence
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Databases and Artificial Intelligence
Summary
This paper touches on the two very significant technologies in the globe currently, namely databases and artificial intelligence. It starts by giving a description of each technology and then explains on their relationship and how they can be combined to form an advanced form of each.
The growth and development of databases using artificial intelligence is discussed afterwards in detail with the current use of the integration of the two technologies analyzed, specifically the expert system and the decision support system.
Due to increasing demands placed on these technologies, new developments and current research on the same are also discussed in details.
Possibilities that may occur in regard to artificial intelligence and database integration both from the Christian, social and scientific point of view is another issue looked at in the paper together with the consequences that could accrue as a result of such possibilities.
A look at the political opinion on the use of databases and artificial intelligence will show how these technologies affect operations of governments. As technology has its advantages and drawbacks, the paper describes them with examples given. Finally, the Christian perspective on the integration of the two technologies is given where the opinions from different scholars are considered.
In this technological time, organizations are venturing into risky activities in order to maximize productivity and as a result, its profits. For the purpose of doing this in an intelligent manner, reliable information is needed so that confident decisions are made. This information is normally acquired from thousands of sources making it bulky difficult to process. This is where databases and artificial intelligence comes in.
1. Introduction
Databases and artificial intelligence are a part of the technology that mostly deal with processing information and in some cases acting on it. Information is a powerful instrument currently and getting the right one at the right time keeps you on the success path.
1.1 Databases.
A database is related information collected and organized in such a way that it is convenient to access, manipulate and manage the data. There are different types of databases depending on the kind of information they are dealing with. For instance, there’s a database based on the relational data model, there’s one based on network data model and another based on the hierarchical data model.
A database needs an interface that provides means through which data acquisition, dissemination, maintenance and retrieval can be done. This means is provided by a software known as the database management system. A database management system consists of components that assist in acquiring, maintaining, retrieving of data and finally keeping the data in the right format. It can also be defined as a group of components that assist in creating, use and maintaining of databases (Garcia-Molina, 2014).
1.1.1 Artificial intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence can be defined as a section in Science that is involved in assisting machines get solutions to difficult/complex problems in a human-like approach.
The process typically involves getting human intelligence characteristics and applying them as algorithms in a manner friendly to computers. A machine becomes a rational agent which is able to perceive its environment and acts accordingly in order to maximize its chance of success on a set goal (Nilsson, 1980).
2. The relationship and integration between databases and AI.
With the individual capabilities that databases and artificial intelligence have, combining the two gives an enhanced collective capability in that the databases increases the efficiency of the artificial intelligence system and the artificial intelligence system does the same for the databases.
2.1 Growth and development of databases using AI.
Currently, organizations depend on up to date, accurate and secure information in order to be successful in attaining their goals and complying with regulations put in place for control by the authorities. A problem arises with the fact that there is a lot of data for the organization outside the IT department and this data can result in reports that have not factored in the aspect of accuracy. This kind of situation raises doubt on usefulness of the information in generated reports and might consequently result to poor decisions being made in the organization. Adding intelligence to the database and enabling it to processes reports on its own has significantly increased the reliability of data in the database. Information can be disseminated and analyzed in a timely manner and modification of information is reduced. The Artificial intelligence component in the database can also keep information about the data for instance, where the data came from, what category it falls into etc. Some of the requirements of a good intelligence solution for organization are enabling data get to those who need it at the right time, make organizations operations’ analysis together with reporting available across the organization, avail tools that can easily be used distribution and management of data and of most importance, maintenance of audit information about the data. The success of the data warehouse is in the efficiency in interfacing business intelligence solution with the data.
Intelligence Database Interface refers to a portable interface based on cache, designed to equip expert system specifically and artificial AI system in general with effective access to one or more databases on one or more remote DBMSs which support standard query language. There are four approaches for the integration by Intelligent Database Interface: - Extending Artificial Intelligence system to Database Extending Database system to Artificial Intelligence Loose coupling between Artificial Intelligence and database
2.1.1 Applied current uses of AI using databases.
Decision Support Systems – This is basically an information system that is computer based usually used by organizations or businesses to assist in decision making. The decision support system may be used by operations, planning or management levels of an organization in coming up with decisions for problems that are quickly changing and cannot be determined in advance. Decision support systems deal with structured problems while humans handle the unstructured problems (Kaklauskas, 2015)
• Expert Systems – The purpose of these systems is to get knowledge from experts and turn it into a language understandable by machines so as to advice on certain situations. Human experts are the source of the carefully structured rules on decisions which are applied and compared against data in the real world (Ma, 2007).
3. New developments and current research on database and AI integration.
Complexities associated with information systems are increasing with time due to the bulkiness and new forms of data to be processed together with the emerging data-intensive applications. This has raised the need for a more advanced computing environment. Almost all organizations in the current times have embraced the use of intelligent databases and it has become an integral part of their operations.
Due to the high rate of changes and improvements in technology, for instance, processor power, decreasing cost of storage and memory devices, research on improved information systems to match the other technological advancements is continually being carried out by professionals globally. Previous researches have shown significant success by coming up with major solutions to data storage problems. Governments have for these purposes provided great financial support for these researches.
Artificial intelligence is being applied in science, medicine, and engineering and this is showing significant milestones in those areas (Ellis, 2000).
3.1 Future real and dreamed possibilities concerning databases and AI
Currently, databases are able to perform sophisticated data processing and even produce reliable reports used as business intelligence. This is expected to get even more sophisticated in future as the database intelligence is expected to increase. Databases will perform more complex algorithms on tables and efficient search for patterns. There’s also the expectation that databases will handle both structured and unstructured data all from one location by employing the use of SQL and NoSQL approaches.
With the increasing advancements in technology, machine intelligence is predicted to surpass that of humans. The integration of artificial intelligence and databases is going to significantly increase the information processing power of the machines given the continuous research on advancements of databases. Since the measure of intelligence by a large fraction is determined by the speed of information processing, the integration of databases and artificial intelligence will greatly contribute to the increase in intelligence levels of the machines.
Humans will possibly turn to machines for advice on crucial matters; decisions made in almost all organizations will mostly come from the intelligent agents with the enhanced databases. Artificial intelligence will possibly come up with machines that will be aware of themselves and even be able to engage in a reasonable conversation with humans such that one might not tell the difference between a machine and a human by just listening to them.
3.1.1 Possible consequences and outcomes of these possibilities.
With the possibilities of such advancement in artificial intelligence, the intelligent machines (or intelligent databases) might in large extent replace h...