Marketing Research Paper About Migrant Entrepreneurship (Research Paper Sample)

Migrant Entrepreneurship
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course:
Date:
Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc495400784 \h 3Introduction PAGEREF _Toc495400785 \h 4Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc495400786 \h 4Migrant Entrepreneurship in the 19th and 21st Centuries PAGEREF _Toc495400787 \h 9Research Methodology PAGEREF _Toc495400788 \h 10Analysis and Discussion PAGEREF _Toc495400789 \h 11Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc495400790 \h 13
Executive Summary
The report presents the findings of a research that was conducted to investigate the changes that have taken place in the American immigrant entrepreneurship since 19th century. The study revealed that the 21st century immigrant entrepreneurs face different challenges from those that were faced by the 19th century immigrant business owners. To complete the study, critical analysis of peer-reviewed sources was conducted. The qualitative analysis of the secondary sources provided relevant, credible and reliable data for the study. Second section of the paper presents the literature review of the sources that were used. Also, the report provides a detailed comparative study of the 19th and the 21st immigrant entrepreneurship. Additionally, the research conducted a critical analysis of two case studies to obtain more information regarding the subject. Finally, the research provides recommendations that can be implemented to solve the problems that are related to the topic. The final section of the report provides the sources that were used to complete the study.
Introduction
In the recent years, the topic of immigrant entrepreneurship has attracted the interest of scholars within the borders of the United States of America. However, immigrants have been involved in establishment and operation of businesses since the 19th century. Various studies have been conducted to investigate the importance of immigrant enterprises to the American economy. An immigrant entrepreneur refers to an individual who migrates to another country to establish an enterprise. Therefore, any business that is owned by an immigrant is referred to as an immigrant business. Claus Spreckels and the Marx family are examples of immigrant entrepreneurs who established their businesses in the United States of America in the 19th century. It is important to understand that immigrants continue to establish businesses in America. The immigrant entrepreneurs of the 19th century faced different challenges from those that are being faced by the 21st century immigrant entrepreneurs. Therefore. The American immigrant entrepreneurship has changed since 19th century. This report seeks to study immigrant entrepreneurs by focusing on the 19th century entrepreneurs with the 21st century businesses.
Literature Review
According to Fairlie (2013), immigrant entrepreneurs contribute immensely to the American economy. Therefore, immigrant entrepreneurship has been of great interest to policymakers. Several social and economic policies have been put in place to encourage the immigrants to establish and develop their enterprises in different parts of the country. The plans are formulated to deal with issues which may make it hard for them to start and run their businesses. For instance, policymakers have started different programs to simplify the legal procedures and bureaucracies that complicate registration of new businesses. Also, politicians have been working on ways to which credit can be made available for immigrants who desire to establish their enterprises in the country.
Moreover, different policies have been formulated to attract foreign investors or entrepreneurs to the United States America. It is important to understand that the government encourages immigrant entrepreneurs since they are known to be contributing to the rapid growth of the economy (Lofstrom 503). However, the 19th century immigrants decided to leave their countries for America because of political, religious and economic issues. One of the significant challenges that the immigrants faced in the 19th century was that they did not get support from the American government.
According to (Kerr and Kerr, 2016), scholars have cited few cases of successful immigrant businesses in America. Many scholars have been referring to the case of Sergey Brin, as the most successful immigrant entrepreneurs. Brin was one of the founders of the Google Company. Google is one of the biggest and the most valuable information and technology companies in the world. Studies have revealed that Silicon Valley has contributed to the influx of high-tech companies in the country in the recent years. Also, statistics have revealed that almost a half of the technology businesses in the Silicon Valley are owned and run by immigrants. It is reasonable to deduce that the different investment policies motivate the foreigners to start their businesses in the Silicon Valley.
Statistical data has also shown that most of the university and college students around San Francisco are immigrants (Farlie, 2013). This may be used to explain why most of the start-up companies are owned by immigrant entrepreneurs. Foreign policies and international relations of the 21st century have made it easier for immigrants to venture into business in America. The fact that the immigrant enterprises contribute to the economy through tax revenue, employment and competition imply that it is in the best interest of the government to support them (Fairlie, 2013).
According to Kimbarovsky (2017), the common thing about Google, Instagram, Whatsapp, and eBay is that they were all developed, by foreigners. The technology products are some of the leading brands in the world. Even though they are all American products, they were founded by immigrant entrepreneurs who were determined to pursue their dreams while living in America. It is also important to note that immigrants from Asia and other parts of the world continue to start and develop their small-scale businesses in various parts of America. American market provides a conducive business environment where businesses can compete fairly regardless of whether they have been founded by Native Americans or Immigrants. The constant increase in the number of immigrant entrepreneurs has led to creativity and innovation in various industries. The immigrants bring in skills and ideas from their countries of origin hence making it possible for them to compete with the local companies.
Ethnicity and culture affect the ability of immigrant entrepreneurs to start and run businesses. Studies have revealed that immigrants from Asia dominate information, technology, and scientific industries. The belief that Asian Americans perform better than other Americans in technological developments inspire immigrants from Asia to venture into businesses that are related to science and technology. Also, the immigrants try to combine the knowledge and skills from their countries of origin with what they learn from other Americans.
According to Seal (p.625), legal and regulatory policies affect the immigrants who seek to venture into new businesses. Even though the government seeks to make it easy for investors to establish their businesses, immigrants still face challenges. It takes time for the immigrants to learn and understand the regulations that govern business organizations in the country. Such challenges make it difficult for immigrant enterprises to compete fairly with companies that are run by other Americans. Additionally, the language barrier is also a major problem that the immigrant business owners must address for them to establish and expand their businesses.
In spite of the challenges, several immigrants have successfully developed their businesses and brands. Mike Krieger, Eren Bali, and Alberto Zumba are three of the most prominent immigrants who have developed successful high-tech companies in the 21s century. Krieger was born in Brazil, where he grew up, before moving to America to study at the Stanford University. Krieger is known to have developed Instagram before selling it to the Facebook Company. Krieger collaborated with Systron to develop the application in the year 2010. The company developed into one of the most successful social networks in the world before its acquisition by Facebook in 2012.
The enactment of the North American Free Trade led to the establishment of several businesses by immigrants. According to Rogers, the enactment of the trade policy made it possible for immigrants like Eduardo Rodriguez to start their businesses in the streets of Chicago. Rodriguez migrated to the United States in 1966. However, he had to wait until 1995 for him to start doing business in Chicago (Rogers, 2017). Most of the businesses in the area are owned by Immigrants. Rodriguez’s daughter has also started her own business in the same location. According to her, her community is good at doing business, and she encourages other immigrants to become entrepreneurs. The community believes that their ethnicity has played a role in their success (Rogers, 2017).
Previous investigations have proven that business ownership is higher in the places that are dominated by immigrants as compared to the neighborhoods that are dominated by the Natives (Harding, 2017). The number of immigrant businesses continues to grow on a daily basis due to the strategies that have been put in place by the government. It is important to note that immigrant entrepreneurship is not unique to the United States. Developed countries like Canada, Australia, and the U.K. among others have witnessed the influx of immigrant entrepreneur in the 21st century. Governments of such countries seek to encourage business establishments by the immigrants since it is one of the factors that have increased employment and revenue in the recent years. The 19th century governments were not so keen about the immigrant entr...