Modeling of Transport Risk for Hazardous Materials and Waste Disposal (Research Paper Sample)

Modeling of Transport Risk for Hazardous Materials and waste disposal
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Introduction
This paper tries to present a model of waste disposal and tries to analyze some of the problems and constraints to the model. The main questions that the paper aims to answer is where to open treatment centers and the best technologies to use, where to open disposal centers, the best place to route hazardous waste and where to rote waste residues to disposal centers.
Waste can be characterized as waste if they have the following characteristics, corrosiveness, ignitability, reactivity and toxicity. These are wastes that are usually found in the waste products from industries. The solution to this hazardous waste management might be looked at from the perspective of safe and cost-effective way to get rid of them or through a perspective that has the least risk. But the main aim is to dispose of the waste in a way that will reduce environmental hazards.
Literature review
Erkut and Neuman give an insight into the significance of disposal facilities and their effectiveness. Hazmats analyses and tries to find the optimal routes for hazardous materials. Zografos and Samara made the first effort to modeling the location routing problem. Later on Revelle et al modeled another model that minimized the combination of both cost and risk. There are a number of other people that made a great effort to make waste disposal manageable and less risky. There is quite a lot of literature about them, but that is not of much interest now.
The model proposed here is the mathematical model. In this model the main aim is to treat all the waste that is hazardous and dispose it in a cost effective and safe manner. The model has been applied in Central Anatolian of Turkey and has seen quite a lot of success.
Conclusion
This model proposes the use of a mixed integer programming, and though there were a few shortcomings as observed in the literature review the models is quite effective. The literature review on this model is well researched and gives an inclusive and all rounded look into the issue of disposal.
Designing a Road Network for Hazardous
Materials Transportation
Introduction
There are quite a lot of problems that is involved with the shipment of dangerous goods. The government in its own way might be able to regulate this shipment from being transported in the normal roads. The government regulates the transportation and the routes that are used to transport these dangerous goods. The approach here tries to consider the relationship between the regulator and the carrier.
Literature review
There is quite a large field of literature that tries to define and assess the risk that is associated with the shipment and at the same time the routes that can minimize these risks. Some of the assessment worth mentioning includes those from Saccomono and Chan (1985), Abkowitz et all (1992) and many others. The literature review here is analytical and also presents quite a critical view of the problems and some of the probable solutions to the whole issue.
This paper focuses on the regulator by analyzing the problems that come about by selecting the road network that could be used for the transportation of dangerous goods off from the main infrastructure. The program presented here is unique, since it focuses on the relationship between the carriers and the government. The model proposes the Hazardous- network design problem and focuses on the Bi-level model. It presents a solution methodology the whole problem. The model has been applied in western Ontario, where it was used to determine segments of the highway that needs to be closed to trucks...