Compare And Contrast Male And Female Gang Members (Term Paper Sample)

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Question 1
Compare and contrast male and female gang members. Why do these differences exist?
The difference exists because the male counterpart is perceived to encompass the more dominant role. The roles of female gang members were more of support and to raise the boy to become the men would be worthy of gang membership. Even the gang the role of the male is to provide while the female supports and nurtures the young to emulate the male role model.
Question 2
Determine the family and school risk factors for gang involvement?
Most of the risk factors of gang involvement in the family circle are coming from a single parent household or other two parent structure like grandfather and grandmother or uncle and aunt. Exposure to drugs and alcohol abuse can be a risk factor as well as poverty, limited or no family involvement, isolation from siblings or close family members of the same age.
Family dysfunction, sexual abuse from family or other history of family violence is another risk factor.
School risks are having low standards and grades for one self when it comes to academic. Not having a commitment to learning. Having the gang membership in class or school can encourage the behavior or belonging. Friends with stigma of being a delinquent can contribute to the risks.
Question 3
Discuss the three models used to understand the relationship between delinquency and gang involvement. Which do you agree with most? Why?
The three models are enhancement model, the facilitation model and the selection model. The enhancement model is a combination of the other two models. It sets off the image that gang members are more anti-social those non gang members prior to joining gang. The gang participation strengthens those differences.
The enhancement model because it’s in cooperates the mindset that the youth has delinquent thought and antisocial traits. In most cases both of these factors are apparent reasons for involvement.
The facilitation model has a delinquent mind set but the gang activity brings action what the youth is feeling or already thinking. The gang makes the youth feel that it is okay to act in delinquent ways. The gang becomes a comfort for the youth with a feeling of belonging to a unit that thinks and feels as they do.
The selection model takes at risk youths with anti-social tendencies and put them in a comfort zone. Gangs tend to be antisocial in a sense because they are confined within their own group setting. They stay with what they know and are used to, which fits the traits of anti-social youths.
Question 4
Name and explain various juvenile justice responses to the youth gang problem.
Gang prevention programs typically focus on discouraging children and youth, especially those at high risk, from joining gangs. Gang intervention programs, on the other hand, generally target active gangs and gang members.
Literally hundreds, if not thousands, of varied responses have been developed and implemented over the years to respond to youth problem, it is simply not possible or even practical to provide an overview and assessment of each and every one in the present review.
Some of the responses include, Suppression, Incarceration, detached Worker Programs, and Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.T) Program.
Suppression
Despite the fact that gang suppression is probably the best known and most practiced strategy in response to youth gang problems, but unfortunately suppression alone does not work. It is generally regarded as less effective than many prevention and intervention approaches (Decker, 2007).
Incarceration
As with suppression, incarceration alone does not work. There is growing recognition that not only do correctional institutions rarely rehabilitate, they also tend to further criminalize individuals, often leading to re-offending and a vicious cycle of release and imprisonment.
Detached Worker Programs
Detached worker, also known as street gang worker, programs typically provide services and support to gang members in their own environment. With respect to this type of intervention program, it is important to review the seminal work of Malcolm Klein. He found out that this type of program actually led to increased gang crime as a result of detached workers inadvertently enhancing, as opposed to breaking, gang cohesion.
Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) Program
The G.R.E.A.T. program is a school based, police officer instructed classroom curriculum whose main objective is the prevention of youth gang involvement and delinquency.
Question 5
What is the prevalence of school violence today? Discuss the steps taken to prevent school violence?
School shootings have left deep scars. The apparently random nature of these highly publicized shootings has raised public fears to epidemic proportions.
Schools are taking a variety of measures to improve school safety. These include the use of metal detectors, the presence of security guards on campus, rules and regulations regarding student conduct and dress, profiling of potentially violent students, anti-bullying instructional programs and counselling and mediation.
Question 6
What are the alternatives police officers have in dealing with juveniles? Do you think amount of discretion give to law enforcement in dealing with youth is appropriate? Explain.
Question 7
Distinguish between “ traditional” bullying and “cyber” bullying. Is one more serious than the other ?Explain why or why not.
Traditional bullying is any type that is carried out through non electronic means. Three main types of traditional bullying exists: verbal bullying, physical bullying and social bullying. All the three involve harassment of a victim by an aggressor whose intent is to inflict harm.
Cyberbullying is a form of interpersonal harassment that is conducted electronically. This electronic harassment can be carried out in many ways , using a variety of mediums. Abusive messages can be sent to a victim through text messages, instant messages, or email.
Both traditional and cyberbullying are very serious and can cause depression, social discomfort, low self-esteem or similar complaints.
Question 8
Discuss the four pronged threat assessment approach and its purpose
Personality and behavior of the student
The report tells educators to look at a collective pattern of a student behavior and personality traits. The evaluation should be based on the fast hand observation of the students by those who knew the student before she or he made a threat. The accessor also needs to understand adolescent behavior when making the evaluation because many teens will exhibit some of these characteristics and not be potential school shooters.
Family dynamics
Educators also need to understand the pattern of behavior and values of the student family, another key element in determining whether a student may carry out a threat.
School dynamics
School culture is often tough for teachers and school administrators to judge but the report maintains that teachers and administrators need to have some level of understating of the particular dynamic in their school.
Social dynamics
Schools also need to understand the role of students in the community, including the people the students choose to socialize with outside of school.
Question 9
Compare and contrast the justice model with the welfare model
Historically, justice model and the welfare model have been influential theoretical models.
The welfare model emphasized rehabilitation needs of the offender. The justice model emphasized due process and accountability.
Question 10
Distinguish between and give examples for static and dynamic risk factor. How do these factors play a part in the pretrial process?
These dynamic risk factors also commonly known as criminogenic risk factors are directly related to crime production. It is widely known that there are a variety of risk factors associated with having a heart attack.
In order to understand the level of risk of having a heart attack, one would look at the totality of all these static and dynamic factors to determine the likelihood of having a heart attack.
Similarly, criminogenic risk factors are those that can and should be targeted through the delivery of services. For example, the Texas administrative code lists of criminogenic risk factors, many of which overlap.
Question 11
Compare and contrast therapeutic and coercive treatment. Which do you believe is most effective support your answer?
Physicians caring for adopted or foster children should be aware of the use of coercive restraint therapy practices by parents and mental health practitioners. Its defined as a mental health intervention involving physical restraints and is used in adoptive or foster families with the intention of increasing emotional attachment to parents.
Coercive restraint therapy parenting is a set of child care practices adjuvant to CRT. Nevertheless, CRT appears to be increasing in popularity.
Question 12
What are the characteristics of juvenile court? Why are these important in dealings with juveniles?
These are some of the characteristics of the juvenile courts: The media is never allowed in court, the name of the juvenile is kept out of the public domain, and there are no jury trials. If there is a trial then the judge renders the verdict and the general public cannot attend juvenile proceedings.
When a juvenile turns 18, then his or her juvenile convictions are sealed by the court forever. The purpose of juvenile court is to rehabilitate and help the offender vs. punishment only. Closed proceedings and no jury trial help minimize knowledge of the crime. This prevents the juvenile from being tainted...