The Difference Between Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) (Coursework Sample)
Summarize the difference between DNA and RNa
source..The Difference between deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and ribose nucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids both in cells. DNA contains the genetic information of organisms essential for their functioning. It is found in the nucleus. DNA is composed of the sugar deoxyribose (ribose without one oxygen atom) where nitrogenous base pairs are attached. DNA has four (4) nitrogenous base pairs: cytosine (C), guanine (G) adenine (A), and thymine (T). Each base has a complement: A pairs with T and C with G. A polynucleotide strand with these base pairs combine with their complements on another strand to form the double-helix structure of DNA. Each strand begins in opposite directions — antiparallel.
Unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded. It is composed of the sugar ribose and is found in the cytoplasm. Its base pairs are cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A) and uracil (U). There are several types of RNA but they could be divided into two (2) categories: coding RNA, and non-coding RNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the only coding RNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are the two most biologically-active non-coding RNA.
These three types of RNA synthesise protein in a process called translation. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) copy the DNA's genetic information in the form of three-base codes. These three-base codes c
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