The Necessity of a Constitution (Coursework Sample)

CMNS A2, A3, and A4
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CMNS A2, A3, and A4
Assignment 2: The Necessity of a Constitution
The constitution is the embodiment of the enlightened man’s rational desire for objective morality. Such a desire is as old as civilization linked to the aspect that ancient men invoked the wrath of a plethora of gods to instill moral conduct among the people. Thus, the desires and the wills of gods formed the foundation for the laws of men. The state of affairs is not exclusive to the early ages as even the current compendium of laws stands on religious foundations. While the Western constitution has the trails of Christianity, the Middle East one is highly aligned to the provisions of the Quran. However, as postmodernism inspires humanity to be liberated from binding philosophies, an increased emphasis on secularization has emerged. Constitutionalists desire to delink the constitution from religion as much as possible. Thus, objective laws are more necessary in the postmodern world.
One fundamental aspect of the constitution is the bill of rights, which is a provision that seeks to promote the inherent value of man. Several ideologies have been formulated to address the conundrum of value. While egalitarianism emphasizes the equality of all mankind, the proponents are faced with the challenge of harmonizing their views with the realities of inequalities ranging from mental capabilities to physical abilities. On the other hand, the constitution sets the rules to protect all individuals regardless of their diversities (Alexy, 2010). It creates a safe environment in which persons can conveniently experience their distinct lives. This nobility cannot be achieved in a natural order of things because the dominant individuals, whether by mental or physical expressions will always be predisposed to oppress the less endowed. Given that the principle of equality is not fully elaborated by nature, there is the need for the documentation of the bare minimums so that the principle may be sufficiently covered.
The constitution is essential to the management of resources. A government can be conceived as an elaborate system of resource management so that human wants may be effectively met without the resort to conflict. Elementary business studies demonstrate that while human wants are insatiable, resources are limited. The conflicts are not only limited to the struggle for resources but also the determination of appropriate methods for their management. Numerous policies can be implemented in the management of the nation’s resources, but they cannot all be implemented at once (Tushnet, 2010). Thus, a need for a system that defines the parameters and contexts under which certain approaches may be most convenient arises. Moreover, the constitution seeks to protect the resources with articles specifying the consequences of all the imaginable and possible crimes aimed at the public coffers.
The constitution defines roles in the building of the nation. The spirit of nationhood advocates that every citizen has a part to play in this endeavor. Although the modernism philosophies are much cherished in this age, a nation cannot stand if every person subjectively pursues individual visions, particularly when in leadership. Thus, the constitution is essential in organizing the roles of the government. The major branches of the administration include the executive, legislature, and judiciary. While the executive implements the laws, the legislature makes the laws, and the judiciary interprets the laws (Jones, 2020). This organization of roles is crucial to the realization of the other merits of constitutionalism. Alongside the organization is the doctrine of separation of powers by which the branches run independently towards the wholesome success of the government. In this context, the branches do not antagonize each other but are instead complementary. Therefore, it is more convenient for the essential principles to be engrained in a binding document.
Overall, it narrows down to the search for a solid foundation for moral action especially when a judging god has not been presumed. Even the plethora of gods declares their divine laws to the devotees. Although humanity seeks freedom on all levels, the shackle of constitutionalism is yet necessary for objectivity and order.
References
Alexy, R. (2010). A Theory of constitutional rights. Oxford University Press.
Jones, B. C. (2020). Constitutional idolatry and democracy: Challenging the infatuation with whiteness. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Tushnet, M. V. (2010). Why the constitution matters. Yale University Press.

Assignment 3: Communism
It is natural for persons to adopt ideologies and beliefs on which they can build their lives around. Irrespective of this understanding, it is interesting for a belief system to be so entrenched that it defines all the political, social, and economic aspects of society. The major feature of the communist philosophy is the elimination of individual wealth ownership. It proposes the establishment of an organization in which resources are centralized and then disbursed according to need and ability. As with every ideology, communism was embraced to solve particular societal problems. The implementation has both instances of failure and success in realizing the aspirations. Communism can be sufficiently described by discussing its history, contributions, and shortcomings.
Lansford (2008) states that communism was originally conceived to improve the circumstances of the poor. These conceptions come against the backdrop of attempts to solve a longstanding dilemma of social status. While persons are believed to be inherently equal, the real world often exhibits noteworthy distinctions, especially in affluence. An economic capability is a significant characteristic because most of the natural human wants may somewhat be satisfied by growing affluence. For instance, increased wealth may lead to access to better qualities of needs such as housing, clothing, healthcare, and education. Thus, the management of these aspects transcends the economic scopes into the political and social aspects. Lansford (2008) defines the ultimate of communism to be creating an egalitarian society devoid of social and economic classes. According to Smith (2014), the conception of the communist society as an ideal one can be traced back to as early as Plato through to Marx and Engels. The overlap in the political scope has generated systems of governance that are aimed at implementing the communist ideology. As a system of governance, communism was popularized among the Soviets from as early as the second world war in 1917. The win by the Soviets over the Germans further promoted the efficacy of the philosophy. Lansford (2008) adds that the countries were facilitated by the Soviets to adopt communist governments.