4 Disabilities (Essay Sample)

4 Disabilities
Student’s Name
Institution
4 Disabilities
1 Specific Learning Disability
It is a disorder that is usually demonstrated by reading difficulties. It makes it hard to grasp an understanding in both spoken and written languages. In addition, the disorder manifests itself clearly from one’s inability to speak, read, undertake fundamental arithmetic problems, and write. In other cases, the abnormality is termed as dyslexia that relates to learning difficulties and dysgraphia that connects to writing dysfunctions. The disability associated with the inability to deal with mathematical calculations and reasoning are said to suffer from dyscalculia (Frank, 2014). Individuals having this disorder have a problem in understanding math symbols and mostly struggle in trying to memorize them.
Characteristics of the Disability
* Easily affected by irrelevant inducements or stimuli
* Have a very short attention span; in this case, they rarely can handle one task effectively
* Difficulties in organizing their materials such as books and other academic tools
* Always seem not to be attentive in classes
* Experience letter and word reversions and inversions
* Complications in writing correct letters and symbols
* Having a low acceptance of change
Accommodations and Adaptations
Individuals having these disorders experience difficulties in class work and other academic-related activities. In this case, there need to be specific and regular teachers allocated to the learners. However, if this is not possible, a school needs to have specialized teachers that understand the operation of the affected ones.
Working with Families
Parents and teachers should understand the problems associated with those affected by learning disabilities. Tolerance is crucial to promote the interactions and make the affected comfortable for everyone. Additionally, giving them hard tasks is discouraged.
Instructional Strategies
In academics, the affected learners need to be given or assigned to expert teachers. Group work can as well help them as they learn from the other students (Andrews, 2015). In addition, regular teachers need to dedicate more time to enhance their understanding capability.
 Organizations That Work with the Disability
* American Association of People with Disabilities
* Learning Disabilities Association (Hoskyn $Berman, 2008)
* Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD)
2 Speech-Language Impairment
It is a phenomenon associated with the inability to produce sounds well. It mainly affects the communication, expression, and other communication disorders that make the affected individuals encounter problems in their academic and other activities. Some of the leading causes of this disorder are neurological damage, loss of hearing, retarded mental formation, and speech difficulties (Leonard, 2014). The disability demands special handling primarily to children in schools.
Characteristics of Speech-Language Impairment
* Ineffective communication
* affected children demonstrate late acquisition of first words
* substitution of sounds for others
* Repetition of sounds and syllables
Accommodations and Adaptations
In a class setup, the affected children need to be handled well in class and make them active in class activities. Teachers need to engage them politely in ways that would help them improve their speech and reading abilities. Additionally, position them in a manner that they always maintain eye contact to understand sound pronunciation. Assistive devices that help in dealing with the disorder are essential as well.
Working with Families
Parents and relatives should understand those individuals associated with these challenges. A show of appreciation when trying to give an argument or clearing statements is essential. Moreover, parents should take much of their time to develop the speech of their young ones by helping them pronounce some of the necessary words.
Instructional Strategies
Learning facilities need to put mechanisms that enhance speech and language development. Such arrangements may entail organizing debates and interactive discussions that will enable them to develop speech. Teachers ought to give the affected learners enough time to answer questions directed to them and assist in coming out with the words effectively.
 Organizations That Work with the Disability
* American Cochlear Implant Alliance
* Alexander Graham Bell Association
* Development Delay Resources
3 Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury is the resulting incidence of an injury to the head that penetrates to the inner brain segment. It is caused by an action that causes trauma to the head skull. Such injuries may result from road accidents, falls from heights, assaults, and other misfortunes that may strike the head.
Characteristics of Traumatic Brain Injury
* A severe headache
* Vomiting
* Feelings of dizziness associated with loss of body balance
* Reduced breathing rate
* Paralysis
* Stress
* Loss of memory (Cole, 2013)
Accommodations and Adaptations
Traumatic Brain Injury requires specialized mechanisms to deal with it. The affected need to be observed at all times to ensure they do not engage in strange activities. Skilled Medicare is crucial to ensure they recover from their problems.
Working with Families
Individuals living with patients suffering from Traumatic Brain Injuries need to provide them with great care. In addition, there should be constant supervision to ensure some of the effects such as memory loss do not lead them to act weirdly.
Instructional Strategies
Individuals having this disorder need to be confined to specific areas. For instance, a rehabilitation center is vital in that the affected are given space to receive specialized care from experts (Ashley, 2016). The centers provide the best environment for their recovery and other necessary services such as counseling crucial for personal development.
Organizations That Work with the Disability
* Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
* Brain Injury Association of America
* Defense and Veterans Head Injury Centre
* Injury Prevention and Control: Traumatic Brain Injury (CDC)
Visual Impairments Disability
Visual Impairment Disability is a disorder that affects one’s eyesight which results in partial sight and even blindness. In addition, when