Crohn's Disease Also Known As Inflammatory Bowel Illness (Essay Sample)

Crohn’s Diseases
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Introduction
Crohn’s illness is a prevalence illness known as inflammatory bowel illness which usually harms any parts of the gastrointestinal tract that is from mouth to anus.Crohn’s illness can result to significant depression. The signs and symptoms of Crahn’s illness incudes: abdominal pain, diarrhea, drastic loss of weight, pyrexia and weariness. To a larger extent the illness can result to chronic complications which may arise outside the gastrointestinal tract and may harm the eyes, skin and the liver.Crohn’s prevalence continues to progress in most parts of the west and the developing countries. The illness mostly affects the adults aged between 20 to 30 years, often when they are studying, having a family and working (In Fichera and In Krane, 2015).
Causes of Crohn’s illness
Genetic factors
The Crohn’s illness is sometimes inherited from the family history. Various studious have shown that there is a high probability of individuals developing the illness if they have parents or children with Crohn’s illness. Having a primary parent or sibling with Crohn’s illness accelerates the chance of inheriting the illness. Identical twins have been found to be with the prominent risk with illness concurrence range of thirty six to fifty two percent. The primary gene identifies to be connected with Crohn’s illness is the Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain possessing two proteins (NOD2).NOD2 homozygotes consist of 17- strands increased chance of generating Crohn’s illness, whereas, heterozygotes contains 2- increased chance of generating the illness. Various genes have been linked to Crohn’s illness, for instance gene alteration in XBP1 gene that is associated in the open protein reaction passage of endoplasmatic reticulum.ATG16L1 is also associated in Crohn’s illness prevalence (Baumgart, 2012).
Environmental factors
Progression and development of Crohn’s illness is linked to environmental factors. Large consumption of proteins both for the animals and milk and high ratio of omega-6 and omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids increase the degree of the disease. On the other hand, intake of Fish proteins is not linked to the disease. Smoking accelerates the level of the illness and re-introduces the development of the illness. Family planning pill is also linked to Crohn’s development, the inducement of the pills to the hormonal system is proofed to function the same way smoking does in the digestive system, thus, increase the chance of developing Crohn’s illness. In addition, depression is associated with advancement of Crohn’s illness (In Fichera and In Krane, 2015).
Immune system
Crohn’s illness results from defects in innate immune system. Defects in cytokine generations by macrophages relatively affect the damaged innate immunity and results to continued microbial-induced inflammatory reaction in large intestine, where bacteria are in large numbers. On the other hand, the over-performance of Th1 and Th7 cytokine reaction result to inflammation of the Crohn’s.AGT16L1 gene has been linked to Crohn’s illness whereby it introduces autophagy which prevent the body’s capability to bombard interfering bacteria. In addition, the weakened individual’s immune system characterized by the inability to attack the parasite that keeps multiplying in the digestive system as a result of declined hygiene levels is another reason for the advancement in Crohn’s illness globally (Baumgart, 2012).
Diagnosis of Crohn’s illness
Crohn’s illness is diagnosed with a multiple of strategies and techniques ranging from carrying out family history research, therapies and laboratory investigation.
Laboratory test
This includes carrying both blood and stool test.Blood test involves drawing blood from the patient and carrying out a complete blood count by analysis of the blood samples to investigate the ration of white blood cells and the red blood cells in the laboratory. The common result is anemia as a result of less blood cells caused by insufficient intake of iron and vitamins especially vitamin B12 and thrombocytosis resulting from white blood cells overgrowth. Stool test is done y analyzing the fecal matter and both culture and microscopy must be done to analyze Clostridium toxin and fecal granulocyte proteins (Cohen 2011).
Intestinal endoscopy
This is a major accurate technique of diagnosing Crohnâ€&tra...