Juvenile Justice: Drug Abuse Cases Among the Juveniles in New York (Essay Sample)

Juvenile Justice
Name
Institution
Course
Date
Juvenile Justice
Social justice
Social justice is the reasonable and only connection between the individual and society. This is measured by the straightforward and inferred terms for the appropriation of riches, open doors for individual movement and social benefits. In Western and in addition in more established Asian societies, the idea of social equity has frequently alluded to the procedure of guaranteeing that people satisfy their societal parts and get what was their due from society. In the current worldwide grassroots developments for social equity, the accentuation has been on the breaking of boundaries for social portability, the formation of security nets and financial justice. Social equity doles out rights and obligations in the establishments of society, which empowers individuals to get the fundamental advantages and weights of collaboration. The applicable establishments frequently incorporate tax collection, social protection, general wellbeing, state-funded school, open administrations, work law and direction of business sectors, to guarantee reasonable dissemination of riches, equivalent open door and equity of outcome. Commentaries that relate equity to a proportional relationship to society are intervened by contrasts in social customs, some of which stress the individual obligation toward society and others the harmony between access to power and its dependable use. Hence, social equity is summoned today while reinterpreting authentic figures, for example, Bartolomé de las Casas, in open philosophical deliberations about contrasts among people, in endeavors for sexual orientation, racial and social equity, for upholding equity for transients, detainees, the earth, and the physically and rationally disabled. While the idea of social equity can be followed through the religious philosophy of Augustine of Hippo and the rationality of Thomas Paine, the expression "social equity" got to be utilized unequivocally from the 1840s.
Juvenile justice
Juvenile Justice directs and tends to youthful guilty parties in the group and adolescent equity focuses. It gives youth equity meetings to youthful criminals referred by police or the courts. There are seven Juvenile Justice focuses on the state which suits youthful guilty parties and offers wellbeing, instructive and profound administrations – including singular case administration, specific directing, and preparing in occupation and living aptitudes. There are additionally 35 Juvenile Justice people group workplaces which give group based intervention to youthful guilty parties. The American Juvenile Justice System is the essential framework used to address and manage youth who are gotten and indicted wrongdoings. The adolescent equity framework mediates in degenerate conduct through police, court and remedial inclusion, and is to a great extent corrective. Youth and their folks or caretakers can confront an assortment of results including probation, group administration, youth court, youth detainment and option tutoring. The adolescent equity framework, like the grown-up framework, works from a conviction that meditating right on time in degenerate conduct will discourage youths from participating in criminal conduct as grown-ups(Hudson &Marzilli, 2010).
When addressing the Juvenile delinquency, there are two concepts involved, and that is treatment and punishment. These two distinct concepts have brought a cycle of the changes in the juvenile justice for several years. As per the social justice, the concept of punishment is well supported here whereas the juvenile justice strongly holds the treatment. Punishment involves the definitive inconvenience of an undesirable or obnoxious result upon a gathering or individual, because of a specific activity or conduct that is regarded unsatisfactory or debilitating to some norm. The unpleasant burden may incorporate a fine, punishment, or constrained, or be the expulsion or disavowal of something lovely or alluring. The power might be either a gathering or a solitary individual, and discipline might be completed formally under an arrangement of law or casually in different sorts of social settings, for example, inside a family. Treatment on the other side is the act of changing behavior through the involvement of both parties in the rectification of the offender. Treatment is also referred to as restoration justice that focuses on the requirements of the casualties and the criminals, and the included group, instead of checking the guilty party. Casualties and criminals both play a dynamic part all the while, with the last being urged to assume liability for their activities(Agnew, 2009). Doing as such is an endeavor by guilty parties to repair the damage they've done furthermore gives assistance to the criminal keeping in mind the end goal to avert future offenses.
Therapeutic equity depends on a hypothesis of equity that perspectives wrongdoing to be an offense against an individual and a group, versus the state. Programs that advance exchange amongst casualty and guilty party show the most noteworthy rates of casualty fulfillment and criminal responsibility. Taking for example drugs and substance abuse, to the youngsters is a very common crime discovered in the current and growing children. This is as a result of the various misconceptions in the homes and the influence of peer pressure. Taking into concern the social justice, drug, and substance abuse is a very serious offense that makes the individual charged in a court of law and should be punished for the same. However, taking into consideration the juvenile justice, punishment may not work well for the young individual since he or she has not received the enough information on the risks associated with engaging in such activities. Therefore, the criminal should be treated rather than being punished(Puig, 2004). Through treatment, it is easy to discover the weak points and help the country in reducing such crimes within the country. For this case, through treatment, it’s easy to identify the main causes of drug and substances abuse, as well as the extent of the drug and substances, use to the individual.
The issue for this study is the charges against the drugs and substance abuse in the juveniles. However, the two concepts of punishment and treatment fit as the result of the rulings from any court of law. But for the younger people, especially the juveniles, more pressure need to be exerted on the treatment rather the punishment concept since the majority of the young children lack a good understanding of what they are engaging in while using the drugs and other illegal substances. Justice is defined as giving a person what belongs to him or her, or in other terms, giving a person his due. Therefore, in this situation, there is an enough reason to engage the children found as convicts in drug and substance abuse with more of treatment and less of punishments. First, punishments scare away the young children. From a perspective as observed even in schools, these individuals fear punishments since it’s tough and hard to bear. It is a very good way of correcting a young person but also a way of scaring and minimizing the drugs and substance abuse. The minimization of the drugs and substances abuse, therefore, is not that easy without some clear analysis of the real and contributing factors towards this criminal offense in young children. Treatment of the offenders, therefore, makes it easy to collect data and also in rectification of the behavior systematically. This gives space for an exchange of ideas in a friendlier way hence collecting certainty information from the offenders. Therefore, the treatment philosophy gives a more strategized approach to the realization of the exact cause, modes and the reasons for continued drug and substance abuse among the juveniles. With the information, therefore, it’s easy to minimize the crime as well as protect the individual from using the drugs again through a counseling process. This makes treatment the most effective concept in the drug and substance abuse among the juveniles(O'Connell & Alexander, 2014).
New York
New York records the highest number of the juveniles arrested from the drug and substance abuse crimes within the United States of America. Within this city, the arrests for the illicit drug abuse violations counts up to two million per year. This shows that around 85 percent of the teens can easily access the drugs and use them. In the survey, the analysis revealed that 39 percent are convicts for crack, 47 percent for cocaine and 28 percent for the Heroine. A steady use of the various drugs and substances also counts to the entire city showing that the juveniles in this region highly uses the drugs. From the survey carried out, the majority of the individuals involved in the crimes are boys concerning gender. They record a high rate of 90 percent of all the offenders. Moreover, another determinant factor is the age bracket, the juveniles of age bracket 13-18 years record a high percentage of 78 percent indulging in the drugs and substance abuse within the city as compared to the younger ones. Finally, the juveniles in the education arena are more exposed to the drugs and substances abuse(Stahl, 2008). This is due to the peer pressure and the urge to discover during their adolescent stages.
Fig 1: Drug Abuse cases among the Juveniles in New york
San Francisco
San Francisco is the second state that records quite a number of the drug and substance abuse among the juveniles. It records a slightly lower. It gives an annual record of about 1.8 million cases of the drug and substance abuse within the country. The juveniles, in this case, seems to be much involved in alcoholism and the bang crimes. Alcoholism ...