The Spread of Industrial Revolution in Europe (Essay Sample)

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The Spread of Industrial Revolution in Europe
Industrial Revolution started in Britain and later spread to the rest of the world including the United States during the 1830s. This marked a period of development in human history, for example there were developments of urban centers where industrialization took place, and this made people to move from rural to urban centers. There were other changes regarding transportation, agricultural and manufacturing which, later affected Britain and the rest of the world in social, economic, and political.
Britain had resources such as simple access to watercourses, coal and iron which facilitated growth of trade. People started migrating from rural to urban areas to look for jobs since many people were forced out of farm labor. Growth of industries led to some effects, for example, Men, women, and children had to work for many hours, and in poor working conditions. Overcrowding led to pollution, inadequate sanitation and a lack of clean drinking water (Speilvogel 696). People with poor working class, worked for many hours and were paid low wages which led to opposition to industrialization.
Economically Britain had new methods of farming, for example they used crop rotation and turnips to make the soil that had lost fertility to be productive and to bring larger crop output. People who lived in Britain earned their living through working on land (Ashton 97). Later on many people were not needed to work on the fields since new advances had developed and this made them jobless. Due to the availability of industries businesses grew and entrepreneurs started making monopolies and trusts (Clarkson 90). There were changes in cities since industrial revolution had progressed, availability of jobs facilitated overcrowding since the poor and the jobless had no jobs which led to the increase of crime.
In addition, food supply was enhanced and this led to population increase which also led to job opportunities in factories. With this people were able to earn money which helped them to consume large number of items such as cotton which boosted the economy. Good percentage of cotton was sold to new textile factories. This happened when Industrial Revolution had begun. Availability of surplus cotton led to cheaper yarn which also produced cheaper clothes even for common people, It created high demand of for cotton clothing.
Industrial revolution influenced Europe as the middle class demanded to work to compete with high class concerning art which proved sign of wealth therefore, middle classes of people bought arts to show that they were capable of earning wealth likewise to higher classes did (Nardo 200). Many art movements emerged as there was plenty of art which led to conflic