Socialization Psychology Essay Research Coursework (Essay Sample)

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SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is the process by which one learns culture. It is also known as enculturation. People internalize the social controls, values, and norms of the culture learned. Socialization is a complicated procedure that includes several groups, people, and social institutions. Primary socialization comprises of how new-borns are guided to become people who can interact with others and conform to societal expectations. Secondary socialization happens during childhood and adolescence, mainly through schooling. Adult socialization, therefore, is how an individual learns norms connected with new statuses.
Family is a vital agent of socialization because it is the initial and continuous social world for children and infants. A family delivers the child's first social identity when it comes to religion, gender, race, and social class. Sigmund Freud was the first social scientist to come up with a theory that addressed the issue of nurture. Freud believed that the development of personality is due to socialization processes, through which a baby is slowly and progressively forced to regulate its biological drives. Freud split personality into three operational sections: the id, this is where the unsocialised drive rises; the superego, it embodies the elders' moral codes and the ego, which is the way an individual views oneself to others. George Mead notes that:
To take a distinctively human, that is, self-conscious, social attitude toward another individual. Or to become aware of him as such is to identify yourself sympathetically with him. By taking his attitude toward, and his role in the given social situation, and by thus responding to that situation implicitly as he does or is about to do explicitly. In essentially the same way, you take his attitude toward yourself in gestural conversation with him and are thus made self-conscious (300).