Biomedical Sciences: Deoxyribonucleic Acid Extraction - Lab Report (Lab Report Sample)

DNA Extraction Alyssa Joy Villarosa June 2, 2018 Introduction: Deoxyribonucleic Acid, aka DNA, is generally defined as two stranded molecules, which contains the information for the cell to be able to develop and reproduce CITATION Ret17 \l 1033 (Rettner, 2017). Regarding scientific study, being able to extract these molecules is crucial for furthering scientific knowledge, especially to mitigate and cure genetic disorders as well as create medicines against illnesses brought about by microorganisms. Some of the advancements today in the field of medicine are fueled with the knowledge on how to extract, modify, and reintegrate particular genes into an organism, a method known as gene splicing. While there are other potential applications of this experiment, the researchers would focus on understanding the differences between the DNA’s of different organisms, particularly that of a strawberry and a banana. Whereas both of them are plants, the general rule is that more DNA could be extracted from specimens with a larger number of genomes, and so this would be the measure for this experiment. In turn, genomes are defined as the complete set of an organism’s gametes CITATION Gen18 \l 1033 (Genetics Home Reference, 2018), which includes all of the genes that are responsible for the very essence of reproduction and creation of life. An example of this would be the genome of human beings, which contains more than 3 billion the DNA Base Pairs. All of these were then mapped and sequenced by the National Human Genome Research Institute located in Bethesda, Maryland. Specifically, an analysis of the human genome could also be narrowed by studying 23 chromosomes in the humans. And since, human cells are diploid, this makes the total number of chromosomes equals 46. In another organism, the number of the genome could vary based on the number of copies that each of the chromosomes has CITATION Res13 \l 1033 (Resteck, 2013). The more copies it has the more DNA that could be extracted from the specimen. Thus, upon an initial compar...