Power Supply and Rectifier Circuits (Lab Report Sample)

LAB REPORT
FOR
POWER SUPPLY AND RECTIFIER
CRCUITS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………………...1
Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………….2
1 Half Wave Rectifier …………………………………………………………………………..2
2 Full Wave Rectifier …………………………………………………………………………...4
3 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier …………………………………………………………………...5
4 Series Regulator ……………………………………………………………………………....6
Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………………………..7
References ………………………………………………………………………………………...8
ABSTRACT
The main idea of this lab is to get a brief view about the Power Supply components and their behaviour. Major components of the Power Supply are Rectifier and Filter and Regulator. In this lab we are going to discuss all three of these. The Rectifiers are of three types which are Half Wave, Full Wave and Full Wave Bridge Rectifiers and we are going to discuss all three of these and their practical behaviour. We are going to discuss how the signal has been converted into DC from AC and how this is made smooth and how does it is regulated for giving the stable output voltage value.
INTRODUCTION:
This lab introduces different type of Electronic Circuits get us practical understanding about these circuits. The circuits being discussed here and experimented for their performance are simple Power Supply circuits and different types of Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifiers.
The Rectifiers are being used to obtain unidirectional or direct current and voltages from the alternating current and voltages. Diode is the main component being used in rectifying circuits as allows the current to flow in only one direction which is called forward biased and stop it in the other direction up-to a specific voltage range and is called the reverse biased. The Diodes only makes the current to flow in one direction and to make the current and voltage smooth like DC, then we use capacitors in parallel with the load. Capacitors are used to clip off the un-necessary portions of the sinusoidal waveform. This is because the capacitor is being charges by the input voltage and it discharges in a specific time.
To further stabilize the voltage to smooth DC value, the Regulators are being used which uses Zener Diode to set a reference voltage. For Zener Diode the avalanche breakdown happens at a particular reverse bias and a feedback circuit is being used to make sure the output voltage remains at the required ratio to the reference voltage. And the output voltages are stabilized by using the voltage regulators.
The main purpose of studying these circuits is to build up a DC Power Supply, converting AC current and voltages into smooth DC current and voltages. We have examined the behaviour of all the circuits in the laboratory and measured different voltage and current parameters at every stage by applying different variations to clear the concept and behaviour of the circuits and every stage. Now let’s discuss the circuits and their one by one.
1 Half Wave Rectifier
Now let’s perform the analysis on the Half Wave Rectifier as shown in the circuit below:
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1 Half Wave Rectifier
The circuit above has been built on breadboard and then the measurements have been taken as under:
Table SEQ Table \* ARABIC 1Half Wave Rectifier Readings
AC Voltage Measurements

DC Voltage Measurements

V1 (rms)

20.65 Volts

V2 (DC)

8.85 Volts

V2 (rms)

10.85 Volts



The measurements taken above shows that the DC value amplitude reduces from 10.85V to 8.85V, and this can be shown in the figure below:
right983615Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2 Half Wave Rectifier WaveformsFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2 Half Wave Rectifier Waveforms3220720178117500righttop00This waveform shows the behaviour of the Half Wave Rectifier and the different parameters can be calculated as under:
Vrms=Vpeak2=10.852=5.425V
VDC=Vpeakπ=0.318×Vpeak=0.318×10.85=3.45V
The frequency of the waveform has been set at 50Hz and the time period is 20ms. The positive half cycle of the waveform will give the output while the negative half cycle has been stopped due to reverse biasing of the diode.
328739553340Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 3 Half Wave Filter WaveformFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 3 Half Wave Filter WaveformNow to smooth the waveform for DC, let’s add a Capacitor of value 470uF between the points D1 and E1 and measure the parameters as measured above.