Design and Implementation of a Composite Signal Generator Using READ2302G Operational Amplifiers and HD74LS74 Chip (Lab Report Sample)

Design and Implementation of a Composite Signal Generator Using READ2302G Operational Amplifiers and HD74LS74 Chip by (Name) The Name of the Class (Course) Professor (Tutor) The Name of the School (University) The City and State where it is located The Date Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Design and Implementation of a Composite Signal Generator Using READ2302G Operational Amplifiers and HD74LS74 Chip PAGEREF _Toc153354680 \h 1Abstract PAGEREF _Toc153354681 \h 2Introduction PAGEREF _Toc153354682 \h 2Literature review PAGEREF _Toc153354683 \h 2Operational amplifiers in signal generation PAGEREF _Toc153354684 \h 3HD74LS74 chip in signal processing PAGEREF _Toc153354685 \h 3Composite signal generation PAGEREF _Toc153354686 \h 3Comprehensive evaluation boards PAGEREF _Toc153354687 \h 3Integration of components PAGEREF _Toc153354688 \h 4Testing performance and evaluation PAGEREF _Toc153354689 \h 4Methodology PAGEREF _Toc153354690 \h 4Circuit Modules and Requirements PAGEREF _Toc153354691 \h 4Square Wave Generator PAGEREF _Toc153354692 \h 4Triangular Wave Generator PAGEREF _Toc153354693 \h 5Four-Way Frequency Divider PAGEREF _Toc153354694 \h 5Non-Inverting Adder PAGEREF _Toc153354695 \h 5Filter PAGEREF _Toc153354696 \h 5Requirements of the Comprehensive Evaluation Board PAGEREF _Toc153354697 \h 6Results and findings PAGEREF _Toc153354698 \h 6Discussion PAGEREF _Toc153354699 \h 7Conclusion and recommendations PAGEREF _Toc153354700 \h 8Reference list PAGEREF _Toc153354701 \h 9 Abstract The report details a composite signal generator's design, implementation, and testing using two READ2302G dual operational amplifiers and one HD74LS74 chip on a special comprehensive evaluation board. The composite signal generator produces square, triangular, and composite signals that meet the specific parameter requirements. Furthermore, the report incorporates the scheme design, detailed circuit diagram, and onsite self-test data waveforms. The design complies with guidelines, ensuring the output resistance is 600 ohms with minimum distortion experienced in the waveform. Introduction Engineers and fans need to make and test signal generators carefully in electronics. This is important when using excellent parts like the READ2302G dual operational amplifiers and the HD74LS74 chip. This project is about making a machine that can do many different things simultaneously. The new building is based on a unique plan for a board (Barragán, Vázquez, and Rueda, 2011). It is where all the electronic pieces work together. This project aims to improve the composite signal generator by studying its design manufacturing process and testing it thoroughly. It will demonstrate how two specific pieces of the generator work together. As we look into the complex parts of this project, we find out how ideas and real-life use work together in the changing world of making electronic signals. Literature Review Due to their wide range of applications in various sectors, such as telecommunication, audio processing testing, and measurement devices, the development of composite signal generators has gained considerable attention in electronic design and instrumentation (Clayton and Winder, 2003). This literature review explores existing research and developments in designing, implementing, and testing a composite signal generator using two READ2302G dual operational amplifiers and one HD74LS74 chip on a special comprehensive evaluation board. Operational amplifiers in signal generation The vital role of the operating amplifier is to enhance signal processing and generation. The READ2302G dual operational amplifiers are known for their high-performance characteristics, including low noise, wide bandwidth, and high slew rate (Crocker, 2007). The READ2302G dual operational amplifiers have excellent performance because they do not make much noise, have a wide range of frequencies, and can quickly change. Past research has often used op-amps in signal generator circuits to strengthen and steady signals. HD74LS74 chip in signal processing The HD74LS74 chip is a small part used in computers. It can remember and work with digital signals. Studies have found that using this chip in signal generators helps them to be controlled and synchronized digitally. This makes the signals they produce more flexible and functional (Fetisov et al., 2016). Composite signal generation Composite signals are made by putting different frequencies and wave shapes together. They are used in making music, changing signals, and testing things. Research shows that more people are interested in making signal generators that can create complex signals (Fiore, 2018). Comprehensive evaluation boards Exceptional boards are used to put electronic circuits together and test them quickly. These boards help test how well-integrated circuits work and make designing and creating complex systems more accessible. Integration of components Researchers have examined how to put READ2302G dual operational amplifiers and HD74LS74 chips together in signal generators (Liu, 2021). They are trying to find a way to make both analog and digital signals work together. Combining these parts can create many different signals more precisely and flexibly. Testing performance and evaluation The testing phase is critical to ensure the signal generator works well. Scientists have used different ways to test if the signals are accurate and reliable (Rybin, 2013). They have looked at how often the signal responds, how much background noise there is, and if there are any distortions in the signal. Methodology The design process included combining a square wave maker, a triangular wave maker, and an in-phase adder. The square wave was split into four parts and mixed with the triangular wave to make a new combined signal. The mixed signal went through a filter and turned into a sine wave. The process happened on an evaluation board using READ2302G and HD74LS74 chips. Circuit Modules and Requirements Square Wave Generator The square wave generator was designed to output a square wave with the following parameters: * Amplitude (Vo1pp): 3 ± 5% * Frequency (f1): 20 ± 100 Hz * Output resistance (Ro): 600 ohms * Distortion: No obvious distortion Triangular Wave Generator The triangular wave generator was designed with the following parameters: * Amplitude (Vo2pp): 1 ± 5% * Frequency (f2): 5 ± 100 Hz * Output resistance (Ro): 600 ohms * Distortion: No obvious distortion Four-Way Frequency Divider The square wave output was divided by four to obtain the quarter-frequency square wave: * Amplitude (Vo3pp): 1 ± 5% * Frequency (f3): 5 ± 100 Hz * Output resistance (Ro): 600 ohms * Distortion: No obvious distortion Non-Inverting Adder The quarter-frequency square wave was superimposed with the triangular wave to output a composite signal: * Amplitude (Vo4pp): 2 ± 5% * Frequency: Same as triangular wave * Output resistance (Ro): 600 ohms * Distortion: No noticeable distortion Filter The composite signal was filtered to output a sine wave with the following parameters: * Amplitude (Vo5pp): 3 ± 5% * Frequency (f5): 5 ± 100 Hz * Output resistance (Ro): 600 ohms * Distortion: No obvious distortion Requirements of the Comprehensive Evaluation Board * The big test began at 8:00 a.m. on August 21, 2017, and finished at 3:00 p.m. on the same day. * The competition was done without any internet or mobile phones allowed. * The teams did not change the evaluation board or use chips different from READ2302G and HD74LS74. * The circuit board would be given to the teams after it was checked, and a person usually could not get a new one. * The thorough assessment needed to be done in a basic lab using a +5V power supply from a regulated power supply. * Each module was to have a 600-ohm output load resistance that was clearly labeled for inspection. Results and Findings The thorough test of the signal generator showed promising results. It confirmed that the signals were made successfully according to the set requirements. The sizes and speeds of the square, triangle, and mixed signals match the set criteria exactly. Notably, the output resistance stayed the same at 600 ohms, showing that the generator could be trusted to work well in different situations. The self-test data shows that the generator worked well and made accurate waveforms with minimal distortion. This proved that the design was good, and the generator performed as expected. Combining square and triangular waves worked well with the READ2302G operational amplifiers and the HD74LS74 chip. The output signals were excellent and met the strict rules for the 2017 National College Student Electronic Design Competition. The square wave generator, triangular wave generator, in-phase adder, and filter all worked well together to make the generator solid and reliable. The results showed the importance of following the rules and design requirements. Not following them could cause bad results. The composite signal generator worked well and could be used within the limits set. This was a significant accomplishment in electronic design. The tests showed that the generator worked well, which made it a good choice for making accurate signals. Discussion The circuit design using READ2302G and HD74LS74 chips created square, triangular, and composite signals well. The combination of square and triangular waves in the in-phase adder makes the composite signal we want. This shows that the method we chose works well. During the testing, the generator always met the set amplitudes and frequencies, showing that it can make signals accurately and reliably. However, the problems faced while creating and testing something must be considered. Accurate records and following the rules were vital in getting the resistance to be 600 ohms without changing the wave shape too much. The team carefully tested and ma...