The Process of Testing Sickle Cell Anemia (Lab Report Sample)

Sickle Cell Anemia
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Principle of the assay………………………………………………………………….3
Summary of the assay…………………………...…………………………………….3
Clinical significance…………………………………………..………………………3
Strategy for analysis…………………………………………………………………..4
Specimen collection or acquisition…………………………………………………...4
Criteria for rejected samples………………………………………………………….4
Equipment and supplies………………………………………………………………4
Reagents………………………………………………………………………………5
Assay procedure………………………………………………………………………6
Analysis of results…………………………………………………………………….6
Turnaround time and schedule for retaining specimen ……………………………....7
References…………………………………………………………………………….8
Addenda………………………………………………………………………………9
Background of the disease sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell disease, denoted as SCD, is a term that encompasses all the inherited red blood cell disorders’ group caused. As cited by Russo et al. (1) these disorders are caused by hemoglobin’s (Hb) structural abnormality of the sickle known as hemoglobin (HbS). It is from a single nucleotide substitution in the gene encoding ß-globin that hemoglobin (HbS) originates. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is thus one form of SCD whereby two sickle cell genes are present. SCD can be in several types with the most common ones being Sickle Cell Anemia (SS), Sickle Beta-Plus Thalassemia, Sickle Hemoglobin-C Disease (SC), and Sickle Beta-Zero Thalassemia.
The condition where a patient lacks enough healthy red blood cells that are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body is referred to as Sickle cell anemia (2). It is through an autosomal recessive way that HbS is inherited in. SCD can occur due to homozygosity for HbS (HbSS) that SCD can occur, in a condition otherwise referred to as sickle cell anemia (SCA) and it is molecular. There exist structural variants and mutations of ß-thalassemia such as HbC (HbSC disease) that can also cause the occurrence of SCD.
A collection of disorders that are caused by a mutation make up sickle cell disease. This mutation causes a substitution of amino acids in an adult’s hemoglobin β chain (3). As cited by Cao et al. (3) SCD diseases are chronic and genetic, meaning that they are inherited. They are characterized by high mortality and morbidity. Cao et al. (3) state that when a significant number of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) are -infected by Plasmodium falciparum, they surface mannose N-glycans exposed. SCD severely affects the RBCs making them lose their normal disc shape and become sickle-shaped taking a crescent moon-like appearance.