Psychology: Role that behavior therapy in curing anxiety disorders (Research Paper Sample)

Role that behavior therapy in curing anxiety disorders in clinical hypnosis via emphasis the limitations of behavior therapy
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Behaviorism mainly accentuates on the underlying role of knowledge in administration of behavior. Behaviorists concern behavior that explicitly depict determine and erudite physiological rejoinders to the environmental inducements, rather than mental state. Psychological disorders are the central causes of the maladaptive education (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). Behavioral therapy is extremely fundamental tenets in learning and identification of the theory, which are the elementary moralities of how education takes place and utilized to alter behavior (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006). Moreover, behaviorist research as a procedure of education and unlearning is the principal provider in psychology with the primary behaviorist education theories and appropriate models utilized in the elaboration and modification of behavior (Kroger, 2008). Although the mental state is fundamental focus within the Clinical Hypnosis, behavior therapy values act as essential role within the clinical hypnosis (McKay et al, 2007). The central purpose of this essay is evaluating the role of behavior therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders within the clinical hypnosis through emphasis of the underlying limitations of the behavior therapy (Nash & Barnier, 2012). The application of the behavioral therapy methods entails studying of Clinical Hypnosis, which uses hypnobehavioral approach (Dobson, 2009). The essay also focuses on the works of the major behaviorist theorists and their fundamental principles in relation to the hypnobehavioral methods in Clinical Hypnosis in the framework of treating of the phobias, anxiety and the undesirable habits (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006). Moreover, the essay will also assess the benefits of utilizing both hypnobehavioral and corresponding behavioral approaches (Kroger, 2008). Behaviorism elaborates behavior coupled with behavioral modification via numerous educational theories, which are the central principles of conditioning methods foundation. Conditioning is the procedure through which a reflective response to the appropriate stimulus (Shapiro, 2001). Dog and signals are the unconditioned stimuli according to the work of Pavlov in relation to the influx of food (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). The dog salivates when the hint is rung which is the conditioned stimulus, and it associates with dual events. The act of salivation is the automatic response to the underlying stimulus and Pavlov say this is erudite behavior as a Conditioned Response which is the Classical Conditioning process (Kroger, 2008). The act of unlearning the conditioning response is called extinction while the process used in counter conditioning is relatively active and intensive to the conditioning response. This intensity of the underlying conditioning response is anxiety and reduces via the establishment of an incompatible response to the corresponding conditioned stimulus until the fresh S-R association finishes. Incompatible response is relaxation process (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006).  Watson undertook conditioning in the study of the human behavior, via pairing of the loud noise in presenting small animals to corresponding infant making the infant learn the act of fearing the animal. This is evident in the classical conditioning within human (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). He also applies the process of unlearn fear to a stimulus, in humans in paired experiment of food (Hayes & Lillis, 2012). Operant Conditioning entails voluntary behavior in the modification via utilizing the consequences. Operant Conditioning theory by Thorndike and Skinner, and assert that the behaviors takes place after pleasant consequences that are likely to be repeated in future (Somber et al, 2007). Moreover, Skinner asserts that behavior via positive and negative reinforcement escalates the response while punishment decrees the response (Plummer, 2008). Extinction normally occurs in circumstances where Conditioning response occurs with less frequency thus resulting to the creation of neither advantageous nor disparaging consequences (Nash & Barnier, 2012). Thus, the work of Pavlov, Thorndike and Skinner is significant in the study and determination of the behavioral and hypnobehavioral therapy (Kroger, 2008). This is because it determines how populace can potentially learn anxieties, phobias and conducts accompanied by the corresponding unlearned behaviors (Shapiro, 2001). Behavior Therapy according to Wolpe is the application within the syndromes that determine the existence of education and applicable in the clinical therapy (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). Thus, no one is born with behaviors such as smoking which makes such behaviors to be easily unlearned. In case phobias are maladaptive erudite conducts then conditioning response can be established as the most suitable behavior (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006). The development of Systematic Desensitization therapy by Wolpe entirely depends on Reciprocal Inhibition, which is the impartial action pathway by corresponding activity of another individual (Shapiro, 2001). Systematic Desensitization takes place when a relatively stronger, discordant response which starts within stimulus, thus contending and overriding the underlying previous response (Beck, 2012). Wolpe also asserts that definite mental states are normally antagonistic to the corresponding anxiety. The prevailing antagonistic mental states include relaxation, starvation, sexual stimulation and thirst. Thus, an individual cannot sense anxiety when undergoing any of the prevailing antagonistic mental states (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006).Hypnobehavioral therapy is main principles that are applicable in curing maladaptive anxiety rejoinders via application of Systematic Desensitization (Gray & McNaughton, 2003). Patients slow exposure to the hierarchy of anxiety infuriating stimuli while rejoining with the formerly learned recreation rejoinder thus preponderant the anxiety (Freud, 2004). Moreover, patient learns to relate to conditioning response, which later results to the formation of anxiety infuriating stimuli (Hayes & Lillis, 2012). Vivo patients ought to finish procedures of stupor in the IMR prior to the testing of the responses. IMR is applicable in the indication patient`s coping degree, which deepens relaxation process. This behavioral therapy can be outlined to be experienced as the hypnobehavioral therapy, and manifests as Hypno-desensitisation (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). The therapy is extremely efficient in the curing of the phobias, anxiety and for the purposes of maladaptive conducts consequential from the underlying anxiety. Modified Systematic Desensitization in the hypnosis bridges severe height-phobia. In the corresponding functional anxiety-responses, suitable smidgens of anxiety ought to leave in order to enhance performance and safeguard from danger (McKay et al, 2007).  Extinction of the phobia is results from hypnosis via the methods of incessant imagination exposure of the feared stimulus devoid of benefit related to relaxation (Freud, 2004). It takes place when an individual experience anxiety until the underlying stimulus vanishes via the effect of physical exhaustion thus eliminating the aversive consequences (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). This act of Operant Conditioning is desensitized due to the danger of last resort method risk of hurting the patient (Somber et al, 2007). Aversion Therapy entails the administration of the aversive stimulus that prevents annoying responses via lessening the practice strength (Lewis, Dana & Blevins, 2009). According to the Classical Conditioning, patient relates to the prodromal stimulus with aversion, which results to destruction of the unwanted behavior (Lynn & Kirsch, 2006). Massed practice eliminates the underlying habit via application of the perpetual recurrence of the stimulus that triggers undesirable conducts (Nash & Barnier, 2012). Moreover, it makes patient desensitized to the existing stimulus that lead to the expression of the vivo resulting to the act of contraindication in damaging the patient.  Assertiveness Training aids in curing anxiety response such as phobias and conduct. It cures conducts such as stammering that results to social stimuli (Kroger, 2008). Patient desensitized with the dangerous stimulus depending on the behavioral type are diaphragmatic breathing, which consequently influence voice prognosis thus altering the physical posture due to the conditioning. Direct Suggestions is use in reinforcement of the S-R connections via application of the Classical Conditioning, which possess strong relation in S-R of eradicating risk of extinction (Spiegel & Spiegel, 2008). Three prevailing maladaptive behaviors that relate to the hypnobehavioural therapies encompass both the Self-hypnosis and Pseudo-Orientation on time in the process of reinforcing the desirable behavior (Lewis, Dana & Blevins, 2009). The behaviors include vivo experience tasking resulting to circumvention of the dangerous stimulus (Shapiro, 2001). Steady reinforcement via pseudo-orientation permits visualization of the objective orientation, incentive and desirable consequences behavior that rely on ethics of both Classical and Operant Conditioning. Powerful reinforcement originates from definitive experience within the vivo affirmative consequences of behavior modification (Nash & Barnier, 2012).  Hypno-behavioralist approach is relatively more efficient that the corresponding behavioris...