Why do International Organizations Enjoy Certain Immunities? (Research Paper Sample)

Topic:
Why do international organizations enjoy certain immunities? In your view, should international organizations be entitled to such immunities? Refer to examples of international organizations and their immunities in your response
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Introduction
Only with the help of international laws and international organizations the concept of globalization has become possible in this world. The treaties, agreement and contracts between different countries are based on the international laws and the trust between the countries is created by the international organizations CITATION Jos05 \l 1033 (Alvarez). Globalization has made tremendous progress in every field of the world and it has become possible because international organizations have set and formulate various laws to deal with different problems of the countries. The role of international laws and international organizations are expanding day by day, even globalization has brought various new responsibilities of the international law and international organizationsCITATION Int13 \l 1033 (Globalization 101). Before the advent of globalization, international law deals with the issues and address the solutions to the issues within some specific because it had few specific powers. Moreover, the power of international law was depended on the territory and sovereignty boundaries of the specific states CITATION Jan091 \l 1033 (Jan Klabbers). On the other hand, now international law has changed in many ways like now international laws also facilitate the process of developing harmony among different states and also promote good relationship between the countries CITATION CFA05 \l 1033 (Amerasinghe). Moreover, now international law also becomes a vehicle where different counties or state cooperate regarding new issues like climatic changes, emergent terrorism threats, promotion of trade and many others CITATION NDW05 \l 1033 (White). In addition, it also creates awareness of the issues that have created disastrous impacts in the history. The platform where all the international laws formulated and implemented is known as international organizations. In this research paper, the role, power, function of international organization will be discussed with the detailed analysis of weaknesses and strengths of the organization. Moreover the evaluation of different international law will also be discussed, but the main focus of the research is to study the immunities that are enjoyed by the different international organization with their outcomes and consequences.
Power, functions and roles of international organizations
International organizations play important roles and perform various functions like law making, formulate decision taking methods and different perform judicial functions. Moreover, international organizations also act as treaty maker on an international platform. The purpose and aim of international organizations is to perform that function that will prove beneficial for its member states CITATION Jan091 \l 1033 (Jan Klabbers). All state members set certain goals and objectives for the international organization and international organizations are the platform through which the objectives are trying to achieve. It has undisputedly decided that the international organization can take decisions and also formulate different laws for the welfare of the state members and the world CITATION Jan091 \l 1033 (Jan Klabbers). There are certain powers of the state members that they can exercise anytime CITATION Jan09 \l 1033 (Wouters and Man). There are different organizations that are working to achieve different goals and functions. The most important and vigilant international organizations are world health organization (WHO), the United Nations (UN), European union (EU), world trade organization (WTO), the international civil aviation (ICAO), the organization of American states (OAS), the organization for economic Co-operation and development (OAS), Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), international monetary fund (IMF), African union (AU) and any others CITATION JMe12 \l 1033 (Meierhenrich). All these organizations work on different principles and for achieving different purpose. Like international monetary fund is an international organization that provides loans and grants to developing, developed and under-developing countries. The sole purpose of international monetary funds is to offer financial grants for the developing purpose. The board of international monetary fund includes the members of developed countries. The member of the board makes different policies and set different laws and the country who wants that grant have to abide the all laws and regulations of the organization CITATION Mar141 \l 1033 (Weiss). It is the example of only one organization, there are some other international organizations, who hold different purpose and vigilantly working for the welfare of the people of the World. They set their own principles, laws, policies and regulations.
Strengths and weaknesses of the international organizations
Even all the international organizations have one thing in common which is they promote peace, interdependence, democracy and welfare of the people CITATION Bru01 \l 1033 (Russett). On the other hand, these common agendas are the main strengths of the international organizations. Democracy is considered as the best form of governance where everyone has a right to speak for their right and everyone is a critic. Therefore, democracy is the strength of the international organization because democratization always decreases the incidences of conflicts and disputes CITATION Man96 \l 1033 (Mansfield and Snyder). The aim of promoting democracy also creates alliance between different democratic countries. In addition, democratization also promotes trade and good relationship among the members of the international organization CITATION Jag95 \l 1033 (Jaggers and Gurr.). Second, promotion of interdependence also brings potential advantages to the international organization like the world trade organization (WTO) promotes interdependence in the real sense to increase the world trade. The WTO also tries to resolve the conflicts between the member states and explains the importance of trade. Through the promotion of interdependence the WTO has succeeded in increasing the ratio of international trade CITATION Gow93 \l 1033 (Gowa and Edward). Moreover, peace is the top priority and the main strength of the United Nation (UN) which has only one aim to that is peace and in many ways UN successfully achieving its aims and become the powerful organization of the world CITATION Uni13 \l 1033 (United Nations). On the other hand, these internal organizations have also many weaknesses. Sometimes, they violate the limits of the laws. Moreover, many international organizations are facing several situational, structural and legal issues. Sometimes their principles and agendas becomes the source of criticism. To avoid the criticism, the international organizations have formulated many laws for their immunities and by using that law, they can enjoy those powers that sometimes proves unjustified and unfair in the eye of law.
Evaluation of different international laws
International laws are international rules that are set by the international organizations. The international law can be defined as "the rules and principles of general applications that are dealing with the conducts of states and international organizations" CITATION Bec10 \l 1033 (Beckman and Butte). Moreover, international laws also applicable to the minority group, private and multinational companies. States, international organizations and individual or multinational companies are sometimes called as international legal personalities that have a right and obligations under the international laws CITATION PSa09 \l 1033 (Sands and Bowett). The generally accepted sources of the international laws are; international conventions that are also known as treaties CITATION CFA05 \l 1033 (Amerasinghe), international customs in which general practices of the society have become the laws, the general principles of the laws and the last source of international law is the judicial decision of the international court of justice CITATION Chr01 \l 1033 (Schrenuer). Treaties are the written agreement between the states for specific purposes. Vienna convention on the law of treaties that have all the basic principles of treaty law. It contains the procedures and rules of how the states are bound to each other on different issues and how they enter into forceCITATION Uni99 \l 1033 (United Nations). Moreover, it also explains the punishment and penalties of breaching the treaty CITATION Jos05 \l 1033 (Alvarez). Thus, Vienna Convention provides the detailed analysis of the international laws and its procedure and policies. It can help the states to understand the nature of specific treaty, but at the same time international organizations enjoys several favors and immunities in Vienna conventions CITATION Uni99 \l 1033 (United Nations). In addition, the laws that are formulated on the basis of the general principle of laws and general customs are of basic kind and it is generally acceptable and fully enforced throughout the world. The laws that formulated by the subsidiary sometimes also reflect the favor and gives immunity to several others international organizations that can raise many concerns and international organizations can avoid accountability and transparency with the help of such the immunities that are provided by the international subsidiary judicial commissions.
Immunities for international organizations
The international organizations are enjoying various immunities in the international law. The international organizations immunity act 1945CITATION Uni45 \l 1033 (International acts of the United States) gives several ...