Evaluation by PICO: Evidence Based Practices In Nursing (Term Paper Sample)

EBP evaluation by PICO
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Contents
TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc486039103 \h 2
Problem PAGEREF _Toc486039104 \h 2
Chapter 2 PAGEREF _Toc486039105 \h 3
Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc486039106 \h 3
Chapter 3 PAGEREF _Toc486039107 \h 4
Evaluation and Decision PAGEREF _Toc486039108 \h 4
(A). Evaluation PAGEREF _Toc486039109 \h 4
(I) Interviewer-Administered Tools PAGEREF _Toc486039110 \h 4
(II) Self-Administered Tools PAGEREF _Toc486039111 \h 4
(B). Decision PAGEREF _Toc486039112 \h 5
Chapter 4 PAGEREF _Toc486039113 \h 5
Change and Nursing Theory PAGEREF _Toc486039114 \h 5
References PAGEREF _Toc486039115 \h 6
Chapter 1
Introduction
The self-determination theory in Nursing is a theory that revolves around an individual’s personality and the effects motivation has on the same. The theory addresses the three general inherent and psychological requirements which include and not limited to, competence, relatedness and finally autonomy. The theory claims any attempts to done to meet this basic requirements or needs people will function, grow and develop ideally. The idea behind the theory is that the actual meeting of the innate potential it highly depends on the social environment, which lays the foundations that help in the development of the needs. This theory for a lot of time has been implemented in numerous Evidence-based practices until lately when a research proved otherwise. The following essay tries to evaluate effectively the efficacy of the self-determination theory using a given case study. The evaluation will be in PICO method of evaluating and structuring Evidence-based practices.
Problem
The case study or rather the problem as previously mentioned will be evaluated using the PICO method of analyzing and evaluating any Evidence-based practice. The problem is trying to evaluate the efficacy of Interviewer-Administered Tools of depression screening as compared to Self-Administered Tools (Interventions or treatments), in the diagnosis of depression (outcome). The population of that will be included in the case study is the adults between the age of (18-54).
Chapter 2
Literature Review
With the recent research that shows an increase in the depression between the adult ages of (18-54), more effective methods of screening this condition for better and efficient diagnosis process. The increase of depressions in the age range can mainly be associated with the many hurdles the adults with the age group undergo. They include unhappy marriages, childlessness, substance abuse, and other socio-economic problems, (Mojtabai, Olfson, & Han, 2016).
This worrying trend called for urgent and drastic measures to be taken to curb this spreads. As per an online nursing journal by, (Lambert, D'Cruz, Schlatter, & Barron, 2016), states that as a response the prevalence of depression in the young and mid-aged adults, they came up with the Positive Psychology Intervention method of controlling it. This method as per the journal utilizes the patient’s ability to build up positive thoughts hence positive attitude, as well as locking out the negative ones, (Lambert, D'Cruz, Schlatter, & Barron, 2016).
The discussed above are some of the measures that are coming up as a strategy to reduce the rate of prevalence of depression in adults of age range (18-54). The analysis of these numerous methods can only be evaluated effectively by the results. As per the PICO method, the population specifics (the age, gender, etc.) also carry critical bearing on the efficacy of the methods used, (Graziane, Beer, Snitz, Chang, & Ganguli, 2016). This brings the importance of reevaluating the existing methods of screening depression. The recent shift of the population with the highest prevalence rates dictates the need to re-evaluate the existing depression methods and their efficacy in the new age range, (Graziane, Beer, Snitz, Chang, & Ganguli, 2016).
Chapter 3
Evaluation and Decision
(A). Evaluation
(I) Interviewer-Administered Tools
Interviewer-Administered Tools of depression screening are a major method of screening depression that involves an interviewer asking the patient questions from a strategically drafted diagnosis aiding questionnaire. The method includes the Cornell Scale for Depression especially in Dementia (CSDD). It is mainly made of uses a combination of evaluation instruments, and the data retrieved from the questions answered during the interview. The process takes roughly ten to twenty minutes and is mainly used for patients with cognitive problems. The accuracy of the method is high as well as the consistency, sensitivity, and flexibility. This means the method can be applied across the different age groups and the accuracy and consistency will be maintained, (Akena, Joska, Obuku, Amos, Musisi, & Stein, 2012). The method major weakness is the over reliance of the caregiver since the patient's response is impaired by the cognitive deficits.
(II) Self-Administered Tools
Self-Administered Tools this method included the patient answering a questionnaire which is then evaluated and scored by the medical practitioner. The methods which include two versions of the same initial are generally termed as Beck Depression Inventory, hence BDI-I and BDI-II. The latter is mostly used which produces a score giving the extent of the depressive symptoms. It takes roughly five to ten minutes to for the entire process but it may differ by the severity of the depressive symptoms affecting the patient, (McIntyre, 2017). The method utilizes a 21-item self-report instrument intended to evaluate the presence and severity of signs of depression. This newly revised version replaces the BDI and the BDI-1A and includes an index of symptoms which are made to match to the conditions of the patient. The index indicated the action to be taken as per th...