Health Sciences and Medicine Chapter Questions (Term Paper Sample)

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Health Sciences and Medicine Chapter Questions
2/2: Planning Your Needs Assessment; Logic models; SMART objectives
The New Orleans City is one of the areas that has experienced various problems that arise from the 2005 Katrina storm. The city has various needs that can be propagated in the economic, social, and political perspective. The assessment of the attitudes of this population towards different needs determines the effectivity of service provision by the government. Since the devastation of hurricane Katrina, New Orleans has made tremendous effort towards the rebuilding of its infrastructure and assessing the social and health requirements of its population. The determination of the social, educational, and economic needs of the city is vital for its progress.
According to the 2013 national census, the city has an estimated population of 378,715 people, which was an increase compared to the 2010 population of 343,829 people. According to the 2009 to 2013 data, the per capita income of the residents in the last 12 months is estimated at $26,500. The median household income in the period is $37,146. The number of people that live below the poverty line is estimated at 27.3%, in the period between 2009 and 2013.
The number of people below the age of 5 years as in 2010 was 6.4%. The persons below the age of 18 years are represented as 21.3% and those who are 65 years and over are 10.9%. The percentage of the females as in 2010 was 51.6% and the males are 48.4%. The number of Hispanics in the city was estimated at 5.2% as in 2010. According to the 2010 census, the white people that live in the area are estimated at 33.0%, while the back or African-Americans alone are estimated at 60.2%. The American Indians are 0.3%, while the Asians alone are 2.9%. Individuals who have two or more races are represented by 1.7% of the population.
The educational profile is composed of 84.5% of individuals who graduated high school or higher. The individuals with a Bachelor’s degree is estimated at 33.7%. The number of foreign-born individuals is estimated at 5.9%. The percentage of the population that speaks a language other than English is estimated at 9.8%.
The population of New Orleans City is likely to have needs that relate to health, poverty, housing and education. According to the census, the home ownership rate is estimated at 47.3%. This value indicates that a majority of the residents do not have their own homes. The housing available is expensive, with a median value of $183,700. About 27.3% of the population live below the poverty lines. This factor has led to the inability to access proper social services such as health and housing. Despite the high population that access the high school or graduate education, most of the people do not further their education to the bachelor’s degree. The racial groups that are in particular focus are the black and the African American population. Despite their high population, they do not access these services in their city. The black owned firms in the city are only 28.9% as in 2007. This value indicates a low level of business ownership which can propagate to low income and high poverty levels. Therefore, the realization of the need for education, health, and housing for the city are the major areas that require to be assessed.
2/10: Implementation planning questions; Quantitative Assessment Methods
The stakeholders in the vignette are the commanding officer of the military command of the East Coast. The other stakeholders are the military families, and the national media.
Objective 1. To assess the effect of fighting on the emotional capability of the soldiers.
Objective 2. To assess the issue of substance abuse and domestic violence in the military families.
Objective 3. To assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the military personnel.
Key question 1. Does military fighting affect their emotional capability?
Key question 2. What is the prevalence of substance abuse and domestic violence in the military families?
Key question 3. Does the military fighting’s predispose the military personnel to PTSD?
Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric disorder that is common in the current population. The disorder occurs due to the trauma that is experienced during an individual’s prior period of exposure to a traumatic event. An individual experiencing the trauma exhibiting an alteration in conscience that drives them to become self-limiting by altering their normal activities. Kin the military situation, the casualties that are experienced predispose the soldiers to alteration in perception that makes them to engage in activities to handle the trauma. The individuals are likely to become violent or abuse substances to cope with the situation.
The resources required include human, financial and physical resources. The human resources will include the personnel that will carry out the needs assessment and the consultants in the field of psychiatry. The other resources required are finances to facilitate transport and data collection. Time resources and mailing services are required to allow for the complete circulation of information. The equipment includes recorders, printing equipment, computers etc.
The sociocultural and the sociopolitical issues considered by the CO will include the media requirements, the privacy concerns, and the personal concerns of the military men. Some of the military personnel may not accept to be subjected to the research because they feel that their privacy is invaded. The media on the other hand may distort the information, hence negatively impacting on the military image. The age and titles of the respondents should also be considered. The personnel, higher in the rank may respond differently to those lower in the rank. The image of the military also require to be protected through containing the media. The community sensitivity to the military matter will be in proportion to their literacy levels. Therefore, the literacy aspect of educating the respondents on the assessment is a necessity.
2/17: Program presentations; Quantitative Data Preparation & Statistical Analyses; Exam review
Vignette Question 2
The personal and social backgrounds of the mentally ill patients are a lack of belonging that is characterized on both a physical and psychological aspect. The homeless people are mostly poor people who may not afford the cost of housing. They end up obtaining mental illnesses that are associated with a high level of substance abuse and poor health. Substance abuse has been a major cause of mental illness in the homeless people because they consume it without control and to cope with their situation. Some of the homeless people have families but they are unable to live with them because of social neglecting. They end up in the streets in order to survive the harsh family neglecting.
Vignette Question 3
Their psychological service needs include social acceptance and psychiatric support. Most of these mentally ill homeless people do not access sufficient support in managing their problem. This arises from the lack of money and adherence to the schedules. They also suffer neglect due to the frequent stigmatization and improper judgment of other people.
Item Development Question 1
Quantitative. What is the right age for the beginning of a mentoring program for the adolescents?
10 years
14 years
18 years
Below 10 years
Above 18 years
Qualitative. In your view, what is the best age to begin a mentoring program for the adolescents?
3/10: Qualitative Assessment Methods
Question 1
Key question 1. Quantitative
Key question 2. Quantitative
Key Question 3. Qualitative
Key Question 4. Qualitative
Key Question 5. Qualitative
Question 2
For key question 1, descriptive analysis will be used. The question is a quantitative data question that can be analyzed by the determination of the proportions, measures of central tendency and correlation coefficients. The measures of central tendencies that can be used include mean, median and modes. The average number of women who have heard of the early childhood program can be obtained and the mean can be used as a measure of analysis. The median and modes can provide the measures of the frequency of appearance and the projected middle value of the women.
The key question 2 can be measured by measures of dispersion and coefficient correlations since it requires quantitative data. The measures of dispersion will include means, modes and medians in the values provided. The variances can be calculated from the mean and the standard deviations obtained. The variance can show how the score varies around the mean.
Key question 3 will require the inferential statistics for analysis. The inferential statistics will show the variances around the mean, the frequency data, and the correlation coefficients. The representative sample will be used in the determination of the confidence levels of the needs assessment. The probability of occurrence forms a major component of the confidence levels of the data.
Key question 4 and 5 will require the inferential statistics and the coefficient correlations. The inferential statistics will provide the probabilities for the understanding of early childhood in the teenage mothers. The coefficient correlations will provide the relationship between these mothers and their own mothers. These values will eventually form a basis of determining the relationship between mothers and children emotional, physical, and mental needs.
3/17: Strategies & Activities
Vignette 3. A National Pre-school Preparation Program – How to spend the increased program funding.
The most appropriate method for these needs assessment is the secondary data method. I chose...