Absolute Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in New Zealand (Case Study Sample)
Describe what is meant by “absolute cardiovascular risk”.
Discuss how cardiovascular risk is measured in New Zealand (include the components of a cardiovascular risk assessment).
For Māori, Pacific and South Asian populations risk assessment is now recommended to begin in men aged 30 years and in women aged 40 years, 15 years earlier than other population groups. Discuss the rationale for this.
Absolute Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in New Zealand
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Describe what is meant by “absolute cardiovascular risk”.
As defined by array of clinical researchers, cardiovascular disease is described as a disease that affects the heart and blood vessels of individuals (Jarvis, 2021). While the definition only describes the disease itself, researchers have further illustrated what can be termed as absolute cardiovascular risk. Absolute cardiovascular risk is illustrated as the probability of an individual to develop cardiovascular disease within the next five years and this is based on a range of risk factors that an individual may be exposed to. Clinicians have illustrated that risks to cardiovascular disease can be increased through behavioural activities such as binge alcohol consumption, high levels of smoking, unhealthy diet, high blood pressure, high cholesterol in the body, obesity and lack of regular exercise by a person. According to Craft (2019), the risk factors to cardiovascular disease can be categorized into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. In this case, the modifiable risk factors include the elevated serum lipids, lack of physical exercise, diabetes, obesity, psychological states, metabolic syndromes and obesity while non-modifiable factors include age, familial history, gender, genetics and ethnicity.
The most experienced cardiovascular disease, which in most countries is associated with the aforementioned risks is the coronary artery; the blockage of the coronary arteries due to high cholesterol in the body or other risk factors identified earlier. Aside from the coronary artery, other cardiovascular diseases include congestive heart failure, congenital heart disease and heart rhythm problems among other cardiovascular diseases. There are assessment tools recommended by clinical guidelines that can be used to assess the absolute cardiovascular risks and further inform on clinical decisions that can be made when providing
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