Symptoms and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Diseases (Case Study Sample)

SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES:A CASE STUDY OF RS
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INTRODUCTION
Over the last years, there has been an upsurge in the cases of acute respiratory illness. This has been attributed to increased fungal, viral and bacterial agents, including unhealthy lifestyles such as excessive smoking and drinking. Different respiratory disease exhibits different symptoms and these are used in the treatment. The following are the various diseases and symptoms affecting the respiratory system;
* Sepsis syndrome:
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* Fall:
* Pneumonia;
* Acute bronchitis acute bronchitis is the medical condition where the bronchial tubes are inflamed. Hypoxemia; this a medical condition where the blood has a lower oxygen amount than the normal level leading to an experience of shortness in breath.
* Wheezing;.
* Leukocytosis;.
* Septic shock ;This is a medical disorder resulting from the complication of infections where toxins initiate a full-inflamatory effects on the body, leading to tiny blood clots, blocking oxygen transfer to the body reducing blood pressure, hence death.
Other causes of acute respiratory disorders include the lifestyle risks. Some individual adopts a lavish lifestyle of smoking, drinking and eating food rich in too much fat.
Diagnosis Procedure
When a patient suffering from the above life threatening symptoms are admitted to the hospital the nurses take various steps to ensure the patient is keenly examined and diagnosed.
1 The mode of arrival is noted down as if by a stretcher or through walking
2 The doctor then obtains the patient’s pulse rate
3 The oxygen type is established if breather or non-breather
4 The cardiac monitoring is started if the patient is acutely sick
5 The blood pressure is checked
6 The temperature is also measured
7 In addition, the weight and height is determined
8 When the conditions of the patient are acute the X-ray on the chest is carried out to check the;
* The bilateral infiltrates if they are visible. Infiltrates is also noted at the left upper lobe and right lower lobe
* The signs of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patchy consolidations in the base of the lungs are checked
* Pleural effusion with aeration at the base.
obstructed sleep apnea(non-compliaNce with BiPAP), CABG, Aortic aneurysm, Chronic pectus excavam and was a regular smoker..
. Obstructed sleep apnea (non-compliance with BiPAP) is a sleep apnea resulting by the obstructions of the upper airways. The symptoms include repeated pauses when sleeping and reduction in oxygen saturation in the blood. Bi-PAP is a bi-level positive airway pressure. It is a machine which deliver two levels of pressure to the main open airway and provide proper ventilation and oxygenation while a patient is sleeping. CABG, (Coronary artery bypass grafting), is a surgery carried out to enhance blood flow to the heart as a result of chronic infection of the heart. Aortic aneurysm is the bulging of the aorta. As a result of overstreching it bursts open leading to excessive bleeding. Chronic kidney disease is a condition which damages the kidneys decreasing the ability to perform any task. Kidney diseases may cause heart diseases and high blood pressure. Pectus excavam is a condition whereby the breastbone is sunken into the chest looking like a scooped den.
When he was admitted in a different hospital, BiPAP and high flows were introduced to him to keep his saturation level above 90%. In the hospital a urethrogram was done where a radiopaque dye is injected into the urethra to prevent damage of urethra. When ABG was administered, he was found to have the following information;
Ph 7.32
PaCO2 46.8mmHg
PaO2 80.6mmHg
HCO3 24.0 mmol/L
Comparing these values from the narrow ABG, it was clear that RS’s PH is low meaning he is acidotic. PaCO2 was higher, thus causing uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
When he was placed in a ventilator setting (FiO2 40% PEEP 5cmH2O), he triggered breaths. So to curb his acidosis, the doctors raised his rate to 14bpm to reduce amount of CO2.
Again, a Swan-Ganz Catheter was passed into the right site of the heart to check the function of the heart and the flow of the blood. The CVP or (Central venous pressure) which measures the fluid status, was found to be 9mmHg (normal 2.6mmHg). The pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 41/23 (Normal 25/8). The value looked again was the Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). The normal PCWP value is 4-22mmHg but RS could not be wedged since he was found to be full ...