Management Science and Theory of Organizations Coursework (Coursework Sample)

Management Science
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Theory of organizations
Organizations have come to be, through gradual changes over the last one century. The changes have been explained using the management theory through intense research. This has been achieved in three primary stages such as classical management school, neo-classical management school, and modern management school. The first one explains the practice of management as a science, and the second explains the motivation of employees while the third addresses the blend of the two ("Basic principles of systems thinking as applied to management and leadership," 2016).
Concepts that measure the organizational effectiveness
Organizational effectiveness is measured by how well the goals and objectives are achieved. Organization is composed of sub-systems each of which is mandated with a specific function. Such sub-systems include policies, processes, practices and people. Meeting the objectives of each sub-system will be translated to the success of the goals set.
Fitness of organizational structure and design
The appropriate organizational design and structure ought to address six key elements. They include work specialization, departmentalization, a chain of command, a span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization. Any structure that pays keen attention to those will clear emerge with a design that fits. In addition, other factors should solely depend on the area of specialty the organization is based on (Baker & Branch, 2002).
Familiar organizational designs
Familiar designs are the ones that are existing currently. They are divided into two: traditional and contemporary designs. Traditional designs are very basic and address common problems. They include simple, functional and divisional structures. Contemporary design deals with sophisticated structures such as matrix, team and learning organizations.
Steps of improving familiar organizational designs
The familiar organizational designs may be enhanced through empowerment of the departmental leaders, developing a sense of ownership, permit inclusion of employees’ ideas, building trust to emplo...