Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Quick Reference (Essay Sample)

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Quick Reference
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Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Quick Reference
Over the years, perceptions towards the issue of disability have varied significantly from one society or region to another. From a historical point of view, communities used to perceive persons with impairments as having bad misfortunes either from their families or ancestors. As such, the disability is a form of punishment from forefathers for wrong doing. On the other hand, the current generation do not associate disability with any superstition (White, Cosier, & Wang, 2020). They feel that it is a form of deformity that affects the fetus during formation. In this case, some people are born with various physical or mental disabilities. Others become disabled in the course of their lives through accidents or sickness. Evidently, disability has been disproportionately represented within culturally diverse groups. Some societies have underrepresented the people with impairment by failure to create special programs that match those person’s needs. Some societies have the tendency to mix students with impairments with the healthy ones within the class setting (White, Cosier, & Wang, 2020). However, other communities offer special education to their disabled scholars in an attempt to assist them acquire the same knowledge with their healthy counterparts.
Intellectual disability refers to the impairment that is characterized by substantial limitations both in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Normally, individuals who suffer from this disability experience difficulties when reasoning, learning, and solving problems. While this incapacity originates before the age of 18, victims of the condition find it hard coping with everyday social and practical skills (Anazi et al., 2017). On the other hand, developmental delay is the inability to reach the milestones in one or more of the areas of development in time. For example, a child may advance in his or her years without showing signs of developing communication, motor, cognition, or social-emotional skills (Anderson & Burnett, 2017). Traumatic brain injury entails an acquired damage to the brain as a consequence of vigorous external force. It is considered an injury if it has resulted in total or partial functional disability in a person (Jolly et al., 2020). When it happens to a child, it may ruin his or her educational performance.
Consequently, the primary cause of intellectual disability is any problem that may affect a person before he or she turns 18 years. Sometimes the problems may manifest themselves before birth. In other instances, injury, disease, or a problem in the brain can trigger intellectual impairment (Anazi et al., 2017). The condition is prevalent in younger children as opposed to those who are a bit older. Developmental delay is caused by a variety of factors such as Down syndrome, which is hereditary, and metabolic disorders like phenylketonuria (PKU) and trauma in the brain. It is prevalent in young children who are yet to join preschool (Demirci & Kartal, 2018). Distinctly, the major cause of traumatic brain injury is normally an outside force such as a violent blow to the head. Many people who are victims of this condition have received severe sports injury or involved in severe vehicle acci