Diabetes Mellitus. Health, Medicine, Nursing Essay (Essay Sample)

Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus.
Student Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Instructor:
Course:
Date:
Types of Diabetes
Diabetes Insipidus (ID) is brought about by the inability of the kidney to retain water when carrying out blood purification. It results in polydipsia (frequent drinking of water) and polyuria (urinating frequently). These can be due to
* ADH deficiency (antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin) or
* Kidney Inadequate response to ADH.
The first one is also known as Neurogenic or central DI can be due to inheritance or caused by damaged pituitary glands or hypothalamus that secretes ADH. The second case is known as Nephrogenic DI can be caused by mother to son inheritance or excess calcium in the body (hypercalcemia) which is a kidney disease (Huether & McCance, 2015).
Pathophysiology: people who suffer from this form of diabetes are not capable of concentrating urine. Inadequate ADH causes to excretion of large amount of urine that is diluted and thus increasing plasma osmolality. This simulates thirsty mechanism and that induces polydipsia (Huether & McCance, 2015). Age and lifestyle habits influence Nephrogenic DI treatment because they determine the extent of ADH inadequacy. Therefore, the above factors will determine whether the patient needs ADH replacement or not when administering treatment.