Health Sciences - Diagnostic Skill Application (Essay Sample)

Diagnostic Skill Application I Student Full Name Institutional Affiliation Course Full Title Instructor Full Name Due date Diagnostic Skill Application 1 Presenting Concerns: Case of Jenny Jenny is a 29-year-old single lady with a mood disorder that causes her to lose interest in everything she does. When she attempts to participate in activities to help her feel better, she is unable to do so since she loses interest, enthusiasm, and drive in the pursuits she used to like. Jenny likewise feels alone, stigmatized, powerless, and without hope. Some of her worries stem from the fact that she is still living with her mother, despite the fact that she is 28 years old, an age when most women would be married or engaged. As a result, Jenny is subjected to social pressures and expectations to leave her mother's house. Because of this, society instinctively discriminates against her, putting her in a negative light. Jenny is also often exhausted and unmotivated to interact with others, so she sleeps most of the time after work and on weekends. Differential Diagnosis: Case of Jenny It is essential to establish the proper diagnosis to prove a disease and guarantee that the operation is carried out appropriately. The diagnosis is made to give a confirmation bias to support the first diagnosis, according to Nolen-Hoeksema (2017). Jenny's symptoms pointed to depression disorder, therefore the decision tree was helpful in narrowing down the diagnosis. The DSM-5 was used to complement the decision tree and limit it down to a particular disease for Jenny. Jenny met the diagnostic criteria for severe depression. This was based on a variety of symptoms she had, including her marital status, a gloomy mood, a disinterest in any undertakings, hypersomnia, and exhaustion. The initial step in this phase was to use the decision tree, followed by a cross-check of the symptoms against the DSM for depressive illnesses. Symptom Checklists: Case of Jenny The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was created by Leonard R. Derogats and is a commonly used questionnaire in depression disorders (Sereda & Dembitskyi, 2016). In clinical research, the SCL-90-R is frequently utilized, notably in the evaluation of psychiatric illnesses. Patients are given 90 questions to analyze nine symptomatic parameters, including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and psychoticism, among others, to measure diverse elements of symptomatology (Sereda & Dembitskyi, 2016). The Global Severity Index, Positive Symptom Distress Index, and Positive Symptom Total are among the three global scales measured by the instrument (Franke et al., 2017). This scale provides for an efficient, simple, and quick evaluation of whether or not someone is experiencing depressive symptoms. In Jenny's situation, the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised may help me evaluate her symptoms so that I can make an appropriate diagnosis. The evaluation would be conducted and graded to determine the accuracy and severity of her symptoms and to aid in the counseling process so that she can better manage her depression. Jenny's use of the SCL-90-R checklist confirmed the diagnosis and may have also eliminated the possibility of a differential diagnosis both inside and outside of the depressed mood decision tree. Systemic Assessments: Case of Jenny Jenny and her mother were assessed using the Circumplex model to determine their relationship diagnosis. Jenny and her mother were assessed using the Family Adaptability and Cohesiveness Evaluation Scales (FACES-IV), which was established based on the circumplex model and has three dimensions: family cohesion, flexibility, and communication (Hamilton & Carr, 2016). The FACES-IV was used to determine the frequency of conflict, closeness, and quality of the relationship between the mother and her adult child (Jenny). Jenny and her mother also completed the Adult Child Circumplex Scale (ACCS), which is a measure of an adult child's emotional condition with their caregiver (Hamilton & Carr, 2016). Jenny and her mother's relationship was determined to be a trustworthy and valid assessment measure, with the FACES-IV scale offering a considerably accurate representation of both parties' connection. Jenny's general emotional state was also quite low, as seen by her scores on the Adult Child Circumplex Scale. Jenny's emotional distinction, activity, and warmth were all much lower, and she experienced higher degrees of anxiety and despair. As a consequence of using the FACES-IV scale to examine anecdotal data, I was able to identify Jenny was getting minimal support and comfort from her mother. DSM and ICD Diagnosis: Case of Jenny Jenny's DSM-5 diagnostic of severe major depressive illness coded 296.23 and ICD code F32.2, is the most suitable. The severity level indicates that the condition is debilitating, and a frequency of more than two years indicates chronicity. She has been battling depression for a long time, therefore this is a particularly severe episode of depression. Jenny's major depressive disorder is severe because she exhibits at least five (and most likely more) of the nine DSM-5 symptoms, and because it lasts for the majority, if not all, of her waking hours, causing considerable suffering and impairment (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). I'm left wondering how Jenny manages to work at all when she states on the depressive symptom scale that it lasts 90 percent of her day VZThe Phase of Life ProblemsV62.89Z60.0Parent-Child ProblemV61.12Z62.89Other Problem Related to Psychosocial CircumstancesV62.89Z65.8Problem Related to LifestyleV69.9Z72.9Other Problems Related to Social EnvironmentZ60.8Other Stressful Life Events Affecting the Family and HouseholdZ63.7 Medication Referral/Consultation: Case of Jenny Traditionally, psychopharmacology has concentrated on the treatment of serious mental disease, with medications being used to treat depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia (Lieber, 2022). Jenny and her mother should consult a psychopharmacologist as a result. Jenny's general medical state and which of her symptoms are due to a mental disease will be determined by the psychopharmacologist first. The psychopharmacologist will then be able to prescribe the necessary drug (s). When speaking with a psychopharmacologist, they must be aware of all clinical and applicable concepts of what medicine does to the body and how the body reacts to the medication. In Jenny's instance, it would be proper to include a recommendation for her to be placed on medication while recommending her for medicine. Jenny may be given an antidepressant to help with her behaviors and emotions, depending on the severity of her symptoms. Because of its tolerability, effectiveness, and immediacy of action, the psychopharmacologist may recommend a certain medicine. The psychopharmacologist would also want to be able to track her progress on the medicine and ensure that she receives any adverse effects in a timely manner (Lieber, 2022). Jenny's psychopharmacologist will be able to make sure she visits a psychiatrist for her mental issues even if she doesn't require medication. Presenting Concerns: Case of Marisol Marisol is a 40-year-old single lady who lives alone and comes from a close-knit Puerto Rican family. Marisol's social life is unusual in that she seldom interacts with others, rarely travels away, and spends a lot of time with her family. Marisol, too, is 40 years old and yet unmarried. She is under social pressure and expectations since, in today's culture, it is expected that a person who has reached the age of 30 marry. She works at a technological business and meets a lot of people, but she never gets accustomed to them. When she goes out with acquaintances or does anything work-related, she feels "excited" and "panicked." In social circumstances, she is afraid that others are staring at her, and she imagines humiliating events in public. She even turned down a promotion since it would have forced her to speak in front of a group. Differential Diagnosis: Case of Marisol The most suitable diagnosis for Marisol is a social anxiety disorder, according to the decision tree for anxiety and the symptoms she has been experiencing. This is because Marisol feels afraid or anxious in most large-group social settings, such as those she encounters at work, and in speaking publicly (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Her anxieties of departing a restaurant restroom with toilet roll caught in her clothes, or of having others in the restaurant see her with spinach caught in her teeth, reflect her apprehensions about behaving inappropriately. Whenever she thinks about or experiences the events she fears, it causes her anxiety, which has a significant impact on her well-being and public behavior (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Marisol's anxiety is out of scale to the danger. Whereas the case report does not specify how long Marisol has been suffering the signs, considering Marisol's lengthy history of choosing to work alone, retain one-on-one contact with acquaintances, and shun relationships and traveling, among other stuff, it seems probable that it has been more than six months. Marisol's anxiety symptoms do not seem to be caused by some other mental illness, such as drug misuse, a medical issue, emotional problems, or physique dysphoric disorder. Symptom Checklists: Case of Marisol When determining which evaluation would be most appropriate for Marisol, the Beck Anxiety Inventory would be the most helpful. The Beck Inventory for Anxiety has been shown to be among the most effective tests for optimizing outcomes for persons who suffer from excessive anxiety. The BAI is a scale that is used to assess the intensity of symptoms associated with anxiety disorders as described by the DSM-5. The Beck scale's items are designed to ensure that accurate and consistent answers are obtained while retaining a degree of vali...