Heat Pump (Essay Sample)

Heat Pumps Student Name College Affiliation Abstract The principle of heat pump is dependent on the second law of thermodynamics, which states that heat definitely streams from the area with higher temperature to the district with minor degrees and not vice versa. Heat pumps are an implementation on this law in which they are devices have the ability to transfer the heat energy to heat sink (reducing it). Heat pump is a utilized device for transferring heat energy from the heat source (low temperature) to what is entitled a heat sink (high temperature). This research was started by giving a short introduction about heat pumps to understand the whole process. Then, the three types, such as ground source, air source, and water source, that were chosen for our project were addressed and discussed in details. Moreover, the four core constituents of the pump, such as condenser, compressor, evaporator, and valve, were also discussed. The heat transference cycle through these constituents is entitled refrigerant in which two types were used: R123-A and R-22. The device could be implemented in reverse cooling manner pull out heat from internal places that are cooled down. Overall, we could believe that the heat pump instrument absorbs heat in one location and transfers it into an alternative one. TABLE OF CONTENTS TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u ABSTRACT2TABLE OF CONTENTS3INTRODUCTION4 TYPES OF HEAT PUMPS62.1. Air Pump62.2. Geothermal Pump62.3. Water Source73. CONSTITUENTS OF HEAT PUMP83.1. Compressor83.1.1. Types of Compressors83.2. Condenser83.3. Expansion Valve93.4. Evaporator93.5. Refrigerant9CONCLUSION11 1 Introduction Heat pump is a utilized device for transferring heat energy from the heat source (low temperature) to what is entitled a heat sink (high temperature). It utilizes a small quantity of external energy to achieve the effort of transmitting energy. In contrast, heat pumps could be utilized for heating spaces in businesses and homes. Furthermore, they are a mechanical-compression cycle device and scheme that work in a cycle as a vapor compression refrigerator to transfer the heat from one form to another form. This device could be utilized to either heat or cool a controlled space. Heat pumps have many types; nonetheless, three types are chosen for our project: ground source, air source, and water source. The most shared design for any heat pump comprises four core constituents as shown in Figure 1; the first one is condenser, which could be utilized as a heat rejection from the system and also it cools the pressure. The second one is compressor. We can say that compressor can press or compress the gas and rise or increase the fluid pressure. The third component is evaporator. This component makes the fluid heating up at a constant pressure. The last component is valve. Valve always decreases the temperature and the pressure in the system. The heat transference cycle through these constituents is entitled refrigerant in which two types were employed: R123-A and R-22. Figure 1: Broad Scheme for the Heat Pump Showing the Four Core Components. 2 Types of Heat Pumps As mentioned earlier, three main types are utilized in our project: air, ground, and water heat pumps. 2.1. Air Pump The air source is utilized for heat transferring between the outside air and home. It is the unit that will fit generally in the side of the building. The heat will be transferred via the compressor and coils that made from conductive copper tubing, so when it is required, the liquid identified as refrigerant is in the outside of coil and it gains a heat passing through the coil and then it will be back as a liquid, so it produces a warmth that is fed to the heating system. Heat pump could lessen your electricity usage for heating by nearly 50% matched to electric resilience heating such as baseboard heaters and furnaces. High-efficacy pumps also dehumidify better than typical crucial air conditioners, causing less usage in energy and more cooling in the summer season. 2.2. Geothermal Pump The second type is the ground (geothermal) pump; this type achieves advanced efficacies through heat transference between the ground or any adjacent water source and home since the solar energy is stored under the ground; hence it is involved within the heat pipes. The heat could not be taken from outside as in air pump. Ground pump is divided into two subcategories: horizontal array that located on the earth’s surface and vertical pump that is placed inside the ground several long meters in a hole. Although they charge more to be implemented, they have little operating expenses since they take benefit of comparatively continual ground temperatures. Geothermal (ground) pumps have specific foremost advantages, which could lessen the energy usage by up to 60%, regulating humidity; are reliable and sturdy; and fit in a widespread various homes. Whether a geothermal pump adequate for you will depend on your lot’s size, the landscape, and subsoil. Ground-source pumps could be utilized in risky climates than air-source pumps, and client satisfaction is precisely high with that schemes. 2.3. Water Source The third one is water pump, in which the exchange of heat is done through utilizing water instead of air. They could be utilized in many diverse places consistent with their need. They could be utilized in lakes or any adjacent water sources. Nonetheless, they are not a much common type. 3 Constituents of Heat Pump The most shared design for any heat pump comprises four core constituents; the heat pump works by extracting the heat from the outer environment, and it releases heat indoors by condensation and evaporation of the liquid identified as refrigerant. The most shared design for any heat pump comprises four core constituents: the compressor, the condenser, the expansion valve, and the evaporator. 3.1. Compressor It is one of the utmost significant parts (core) of the heat pump. It collects the warm vapors of refrigerant and compresses it. By raising the pressure, the temperature also increased, causing a high, hot pressure gas, which is spread to the condenser. Refrigerant is positioned within the compressor, which enters it at low temperature and pressure in gaseous state and left it at elevated temperature and pressure. 3.1.1. Types of compressors. Following are the important ones among the compressor types: The reciprocating compressor has a piston within the cylinder that assists in compressing the refrigerant. The rotary compressor has a rotor that spins within the closed chamber and compresses the received refrigerant. It consumes less energy than the reciprocating compressor. Consistent with the second law of thermodynamics, the heat flows from the reservoir or source at great temperature to sink at low temperature. Exterior work should be implemented f...