Pathogenic Bacterium: Illnesses Causing Micro-Organisms (Essay Sample)

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Pathogenic Bacterium
Introduction
Pathogens are illnesses causing micro-organisms. Though the most infected are humans, pathogens could also cause sicknesses to plants and animals. A pathogenic bacterium denotes a minute illness-causing organism thus microscopic. Additionally, they exist cells that possess varying shapes and sizes. After having their way in the body of any host, the bacterium reproduces quickly releasing detrimental toxins that cause infections. That describes the method of the appearance and effect of the illness (Bergman, Nicholas, 45). The essay will offer detailed information regarding pathogenic microorganisms focusing on the anthrax ailment. The article also includes anthrax causative agents, history, vectors, its transmission, and its symptoms.
Anthrax is an illness with swift inception spread by the Bacillus anthracis. Most types of the sickness are toxic, and it affects mainly animals. Bacillus anthracis, the scientific name of anthrax is said to form latent spores, which have the capability to endure harsh conditions for many years. If the spores are eaten, inhaled, or make contact with a segment of broken membrane, they could be reactivated and reproduced quickly. Bacillus anthracis was established in 1876, by Robert Koch as the initial proven bacterial root of a human illness. The vaccine for the bacterium was developed in 1881, by Louis Pasteur and was the first efficient live vaccine for a bacterial sickness (Spencer, Robert, 182).
Bacillus anthracis mainly affects animals as it emerges in the soil of grazing regions. There are various ways in which the bacillus bacteria can be transmitted to an animal. The primary transmission method is when an animal eats or breathes the spores of the bacterium in the grazing soil. Carnivores living in the same surrounding could become contaminated by eating contaminated animals. Humans attain anthrax from diseased animals via eating raw contaminated meat, or via direct contact. The spores of the Bacillus anthracis bacteria are soil-borne. Anthrax in its infectious kind is a spore that frequently populates the soil regions but which in exceptional incidences can develop into airborne and inhaled. Amid cutaneous anthrax, the bacteria contaminate the host via direct dissemination of the host membrane. The difference with anthrax from the other kinds of pathogenic organism is that it emerges to be dependent on the host’s death for it to propagate (Bergman, Nicholas, 123).
There are about four symptoms and infection of anthrax, and they include pulmonary, cutaneous, cerebral, and intestinal. Cutaneous anthrax is a kind of anthrax that is most common and severe. Cutaneous anthrax spreads lesions that present initially as an itchy papule resembling an insect bite. The papule within a 36 hour period becomes a painless, hard, blue-back stringy necrotic tissue scab, typically about 3 cm in diameter. The loss of pain is an attribute of the anthrax lesion. The symptoms of cutaneous anthrax include profuse sweating, high fever, exhaustion, and excessive loss of strength. If untreated, cutaneous anthrax could become fatal. The symptoms of intestinal anthrax include chill, abdomen, head and back pain accompanied by high fever and extremities. Pulmonary anthrax is attained after inhaling dust having the anthrax spores. The symptom of pulmonary anthrax includes common cold, back and leg pains, rapid pulse and rapid breathing, cough, fever, extreme prostration, vomiting, and shortness of breath. Pulmonary anthrax typically leads to death within two days after the start of acute symptoms. Cerebral anthrax crops up as a secondary outcome of pulmonary or intestinal anthrax and ...