The Difference Between Utilitarianism and Kantianism (Essay Sample)

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Question 1: The Difference Between Utilitarianism and Kantianism
Ethics refer to the conscious reflection on moral beliefs to improve, refining or extend these beliefs. Famine and global poverty are extremely difficult conditions under which a significant number of humans are forced to live. In some cases, they make it practically impossible for individuals to acquire the required resources for minimal survival, including adequate food, shelter, and clean water. Different philosophical ethics have proved effective in influencing humanitarianism and altruism movements, including what humans owe to strangers suffering from famine and poverty. Although both Utilitarianism and Kantian theories tend to define the morality of duty and answer human being's ethical nature, they differ in several ways. Their differences are evident in the aspects of evaluating morality as well as the use of moral rules. The utilitarian theory involves a calculative aspect where people need to weigh all the possible courses of action and determine the best effects on individuals and their happiness (Woodard 246). Kantianism advocates for acts done following one's morals duties for the right reasons, instead of anything that resembles self-interest.
Duty to Distant Strangers Suffering from Famine or Poverty
The primary objective of the utilitarianism theory is to explain the essence of ethics and morality. The ethical theory is based on utility or actions that produce great happiness. Utilitarian believe that the morality of an act can only be justified if the results produce the ultimate utility for everyone. If the greatest possible utility is not attained in helping those suffering from famine or poverty, then the act is morally wrong. The theory insinuates that if people support those affected, their actions should produce the utmost happiness and pleasure. For that reason, the outcome of every action needs to be evaluated and other options proposed before acting.