Diabetes as Co-morbidity with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia (Research Paper Sample)

Diabetes as Co-morbidity with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia
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Diabetes as Co-morbidity with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia
Diabetes has become an epidemic in the United States and the world at large. Many cases have been reported across women and men, children and adults, across races, ethnicity,and nationalities.Sullivan, Ghushchyan& Ben-Joseph (2008) assert that diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are negatively correlated to the health status of individuals. People who suffer from diabetes often experience reduced quality of life. The condition needs to be well-managed through nutrition, exercise, and other intervention measures that will help patients overcome the pain and suffering related to it. Diabetes is a metabolic condition in which individuals suffer from high blood sugars. The increasing prevalence and incidence of diabetes among the other co-morbidity conditions such obesity, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases has made it a great concern in the world health matters (Sullivan, Ghushchyan& Ben-Joseph, 2008). This paper assesses the correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, as well as obesity and hyperlipidemia. The discussion will seek to advance the argument that diabetes is often co-morbidity with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and hyperlipidemia.
Diabetes asCo-morbidity with Obesity and Hyperlipidemia
Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are considered risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders. Studies on health functions and health status of individuals and joint groups indicate that the body mass index influences health conditions, and is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of obesity on health and metabolic functions of the body predisposes individuals to risk factors such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Owing to the fact that obesity is a diet-related condition whereindividuals have high energy intake as compared to expenditure, there is the possibility for the accumulation of fats and lipids in the body tissues. High levels of triglyceride are deposited into the skeletal muscles and stomach tissues, causing arisk for hypertension. The end result is a risk for hypertension and hyperlipidemia among obese people. Thus, there is a chronic co-morbidity between diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia (Take et al., 2016).
Demographics
The prevalence and incidence of diabetes, obesity and hyperlipidemia seems to occur differently across ages, education level, race, and incomes. Studies show that diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemiaare influenced by age, educational attainment, income, and race. The incidence and prevalence of diabetes and hyperlipidemia is more in people of increased age, low educational attainment, and low-income earners. Moreover, the Blacks, the Hispanics, and the American-Indians were found to be at a higher risk of cardio-metabolic conditions. The authors acknowledge the rising incidences of diabetes and obesity in children, which is a major concern for the future of the U.S. and the world at large (Sullivan, Ghushchyan& Ben-Joseph, 2008).
A study carried out in the U.S. showed that the prevalence of diabetes was high in people aged 60 years and above, which accounted for over 45% of diabetic cases. This group also recorded high hypertension and hyperlipidemia prevalence, with those aged between 50-69 years showing high BMI. With regard to race, the study showed that the blacks and Indians were more at risk (33.7% and 35.0% respectively). The study indicated that only 22.7% of the White population was at risk of getting diabetes. However, the Whites had the highest prevalence of hyperlipidemia above all other races (9.2%). In terms of ethnicity, the non-Hispanic Americans showed a higher risk of hypertension and hyperlipidemia; however, the Hispanics were at high risks of diabetes and obesity (Sullivan, Ghushchyan& Ben-Joseph, 2008). Similarly, the low-income earners and the poor in the study registered high prevalence of diabetes and obesity. However, the middle and high-income earners were at high risk of getting hypertension and hyperlipidemia (Sullivan, Ghushchyan& Ben-Joseph, 2008p. 1066).
Exercise Tolerance and Prescription
Lifestyle interventions form the major part of managing and preventing diabetes and other related cardio-metabolic risk factors. Physical exercise is one of the main activities that are recommended for diabetes patients to manage their condition and reduce other risk factors. According to Higgins et al. (2015) and Durstine, Moore, Painter & Roberts (2009), exercise tolerance influences the exercise benefits achieved by individuals. Individuals who participate in exercises reflecting their functional capacity show improvements and reduced risks of pulmonary diseases. The ability of individuals to comply with the prescribed exercise determines their long-term well-being. Those showing high compliance and exercise tolerance improve their health status overtime (Higgins et al., 2015).
Personalized exercise prescription has become a common lifestyle intervention in managing and preventing the chronic cardio-metabolic risks.The compliance of the patients and the frequency with which they perform the exercises prescribedinfluences benefits and improvements noticeable overtime. Prescribing exercise programs that optimize the functional capacity of individuals and reduce the adverse effects of intolerable...